@article{fdi:010085842,
  title = {{S}patial and temporal distribution of soil microbial properties in two shrub intercrop systems of the {S}ahel},
  author = {{D}iedhou-{S}all, {S}. and {A}ssigbets{\'e}, {K}omi  and {B}adiane, {A}.{N}. and {D}iedhiou, {I}. and {K}houma, {M}. and {D}ick, {R}.{P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {S}ahel is an ecologically vulnerable region where increasing populations with a concurrent increase in agricultural intensity has degraded soils. {A}groforestry offers an approach to remediate these landscapes. {A} largely unrecognized agroforestry resource in the {S}ahel are the native shrubs, {P}iliostigma reticulatum, and {G}uiera senegalensis that to varying degrees already coexist with row crops. {T}hese shrubs improve soil quality, redistribute water from the deep soil to the surface (hydraulic lift), and can improve crop growth. {H}owever, little information is available on whether these shrubs affect spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial communities. {T}herefore, the objective of this study was to determine microbial composition and activity in the wet and dry seasons of soil in the shrub rhizosphere ({R}hiz{S}), inter-root zone ({I}ntr{S}), and outside the influence of shrub soil ({O}ut{S}) for both {G}. senegalensis and {P}. reticulatum in {S}enegal. {A} 3 x 2 factorial field experiment was imposed at two locations (490 and 700 mm annual rainfall with {G}. senegalensis and {P}. reticulatum, respectively), that had the soil sampling treatments of three locations ({R}hiz{S}, {I}ntr{S}, and {O}ut{S}) and two seasons (wet and dry). {S}oils were analyzed for: microbial diversity ({DGGE} with bacterial 16{S} or fungal 28{S} r{RNA} gene sequences phospholipids fatty acid, {PLFA}); enzyme activities; microbial biomass carbon ({MBC}); and nitrogen ({N}) mineralization potential. {F}or the {DGGE} profiling, the bacterial community responded more to the rhizosphere effect, whereas, the fungal community was more sensitive to season. {PLFA}, {MBC}, enzyme activities and inorganic {N} were significantly higher in both seasons for the {R}hiz{S}. {T}he presence of shrubs maintained rhizosphere microbial communities and activity during the dry season. {T}his represents a paradigm shift for semi-arid environments where logically it would be expected to have no microbial activity in the extended dry season. {I}n contrast this study has shown this is not the case that rather the presence of shrub roots maintained the microbial community in the dry season most likely due to hydraulic lift and root exudates. {T}his has implications when these shrubs are in cropped fields in that decomposition and mineralization of nutrients can proceed in the dry season. {T}hus, enabling accumulation of plant available nutrients during the dry season for uptake by crops in the rainy season.},
  keywords = {{SAHEL} ; {SENEGAL} ; {THIES}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {S}ustainable {F}ood {S}ystems},
  volume = {5},
  numero = {},
  pages = {621689 [16 ]},
  ISSN = {2571-581{X}},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.3389/fsufs.2021.621689},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010085842},
}