@article{fdi:010085394,
  title = {{T}he eruptive chronology of the {C}arihuairazo volcano ({E}cuador) : recurrent sector collapses of a {M}iddle {P}leistocene stratovolcano of the {N}orthern {A}ndes},
  author = {{S}amaniego, {P}ablo and {O}rdonez, {J}. and {B}ablon, {M}. and {H}all, {M}. {L}. and {Q}uidelleur, {X}. and {L}ahitte, {P}. and {S}antamaria, {S}. and {L}iorzou, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he eruptive chronology of arc volcanoes consists of construction stages usually punctuated by large collapse events affecting the edifice. {I}n this paper, we reconstruct the eruptive chronology of {C}arihuairazo volcano, a {M}iddle {P}leistocene edifice from the {E}cuadorian segment of the {A}ndean {N}orthern {V}olcanic {Z}one. {T}his study is based on extensive fieldwork on both the proximal flanks of the volcano and the medial-to-distal deposits of the nearby {A}mbato basin, as well as a large dataset of geochronological ({K}-40-{A}r-40, {C}-14) and geochemical (major and trace element) data. {T}he {B}asal {C}arihuairazo edifice is mainly composed of an andesitic lava flow succession dated at 230-200 ka. {T}he resulting edifice suffered a first sector collapse that was responsible for a relatively large (4 +/- 1 km(3)) debris avalanche deposit ({DAD}-1) that covers the entire {A}mbato basin. {T}his event occurred between 206 +/- 4 and 216 +/- 5 ka. {T}hen, {C}arihuairazo started a succession of construction ({I}ntermediate and {T}erminal lava flow successions) and destruction stages lasting about 50 ky (i.e., from 200 to 150 ka), which are composed by thick block-and-ash flow deposits ({L}-and {U}-{BAFD}) and debris avalanche deposits ({DAD}-2). {T}his volcanic succession is recorded in the {A}mbato basin, interlayered with several tephra fallout deposits ({TFD}-1 to -4) whose source is the neighbouring {H}uisla-{M}ulmul volcanic complex. {T}he current morphology of {C}arihuairazo results from two additional sector collapses ({DAD}-3 and-4) that occurred during the past 40-50 ka, i.e., following a long period (at least 100 ka) without volcanic activity. {W}e stress these debris avalanches were not related with magmatic activity. {S}amples from the {C}arihuairazo volcano defines a medium-{K} magmatic trend composed of andesites and dacites with a mineral assemblage of plagioclase, amphibole, ortho-and clino-pyroxene, and {F}e-{T}i oxides. {T}he evolution of the {C}arihuairazo edifice, recorded in the medial-distal deposits of the {A}mbato basin, represents a unique example in the {E}cuadorian arc of an edifice that experienced successive destruction and construction stages during a major part of its volcanic history.},
  keywords = {{E}ruptive chronology ; {D}ebris avalanche deposits ; {U}nspiked {K} -{A}r dating ; {C}arihuairazo ; {E}cuador ; {EQUATEUR} ; {ANDES} ; {CARIHUAIRAZO} {VOLCAN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {S}outh {A}merican {E}arth {S}ciences},
  volume = {116},
  numero = {},
  pages = {103865 [22 ]},
  ISSN = {0895-9811},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.jsames.2022.103865},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010085394},
}