Tedesco P. auteur aut IRD Gula J. auteur aut IRD Penven Pierrick auteur aut IRD Menesguen C. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Western boundary currents are hotspots of mesoscale variability and eddy-topography interactions, which channel energy toward smaller scales and eventually down to dissipation. Here, we assess the main mesoscale eddies energy sinks in the Agulhas Current region from a regional numerical simulation. We derive an eddy kinetic energy ( EKE over bar ) budget in the framework of the vertical modes. It accounts for energy transfers between energy reservoirs and vertical modes, including transfers channeled by topography. The variability is dominated by mesoscale eddies (barotropic and first baroclinic modes) in the path of intense mean currents. Eddy-topography interactions result in a major mesoscale eddy energy sink, along three different energy routes, with comparable importance: transfers toward bottom-intensified time-mean currents, generation of higher baroclinic modes, and bottom friction. The generation of higher baroclinic modes takes different forms in the Northern Agulhas Current, where it corresponds to nonlinear transfers to smaller vertical eddies on the slope, and in the Southern Agulhas Current, where it is dominated by a (linear) generation of internal gravity waves over topography. Away from the shelf, mesoscale eddies gain energy by an inverse vertical turbulent cascade. However, the Agulhas Current region remains a net source of mesoscale eddy energy due to the strong generation of eddies, modulated by the topography, especially in the Southern Agulhas Current. It shows that the local generation of mesoscale eddies dominates the net EKE over bar budget, contrary to the paradigm of mesoscale eddies decay upon western boundaries. specialized Boundary currents Eddies Energy budget balance Internal waves Kinetic energy Mesoscale processes Regional models OCEAN INDIEN 032 020 52 4 677-704 2022 0022-3670 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010085185 10.1175/jpo-d-21-0110.1 0022-3670 [F B010085185] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010085185 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2022-07/010085185.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2022-07-01 2025-02-24 fdi:010085185 fre