Bredeloup Sylvie auteur aut IRD text bookSection eng text/pdf born digital access This chapter will examine patterns and history of intra-African migration from the Sahel across national borders within Africa, beginning in the colonial period. During colonization, the French often recruited West African workers across borders who served in the army and provided security for French trading posts along the African coasts. At the time of decolonization, shopkeepers in marketplaces, as well as big merchants or gem traders from the Sahel were also entrepreneurs, occupying an intermediate position between native populations and national authorities in international trade networks. Over the decades, tougher controls at borders and intensified deportations despite regional agreements on the free movement of people, the outbreak of civil wars, or of political turmoil have all had a significant impact on population movements from the Sahel, and have also increased insecurity for Sahelian migrants. specialized BURKINA FASO GHANA MALI NIGER SENEGAL COTE D'IVOIRE TOGO GAMBIE NIGER NIGERIA TCHAD GABON GAMBIE CAMEROUN CONAKRY GUINEE BISSAU CAP VERT MAURITANIE 108 112 114 Villalón L.A. ed. edt IRD Kane A. ed. edt IRD 729-746 Oxford Oxford University Press 2021 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084467 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198816959.013.42 978-0-19-881695-9 [F B010084467] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084467 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2022-03/010084467.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2022-03-07 2025-02-24 fdi:010084467 fre