Paboriboune P. auteur aut IRD Phongsavan K. auteur aut IRD Arounlangsy P. auteur aut IRD Flaissier B. auteur aut IRD Aphayarath O. auteur aut IRD Phimmasone P. auteur aut IRD Banchongphanith K. auteur aut IRD Xayaovong M. auteur aut IRD Jourdain Gonzague auteur aut IRD Schott A. M. auteur aut IRD Saadatian-Elahi M. auteur aut IRD Magaud L. auteur aut IRD Klich A. auteur aut IRD Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole auteur aut IRD Heard I. auteur aut IRD Rabilloud M. auteur aut IRD Picot V. S. auteur aut IRD Longuet C. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Background: In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), cervical cancer is the third leading cause of women cancer. Aims: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the efficacy of careHPV (TM) test versus conventional Pap smear or Siriraj liquid-based cytology in the detection of cervical cancer in women living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Materials & Methods: Overall, 631 women consented to participate. Four cervical specimens were taken for the purpose of conventional Pap smear, Siriraj liquid-based cytology, careHPV (TM) test, and HPV-16 genotyping. The exact McNemar test was used to compare the efficacy and diagnostic performance of the tests. Results: Of the 631 women with follow-up, 331 were human papillomavirus (HPV) negative. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were found in 37 women, biopsy-proven high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 50 women, and invasive carcinoma in seven women. The proportion of women with high-grade cervical lesion or carcinoma detected after abnormal careHPV (TM) test was higher (6.02%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4-8.1) than that detected by conventional Pap smear (4.59%; 95% CI: 3.2-6.5). careHPV (TM) and HPV-16 genotyping had, respectively, the highest sensitivity (80.8%; 95% CI: 67.4-89.5) and specificity (92.2%; 95% CI: 89.8-94.2). HPV-16 was the most frequently detected genotype. Conclusions: careHPV (TM) test represents a screening option in Lao PDR, particularly in women living with HIV-1 because of higher prevalence of chronic HPV in this population. specialized careHPV (TM) cervical cancer HIV-1 Lao PDR liquid-based cytology Papanicolaou test LAOS 050 052 [Early access] [11 p.] 2022 2045-7634 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084385 10.1002/cam4.4502 2045-7634 [F B010084385] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084385 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2022-04/010084385.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2022-04-06 2025-02-24 fdi:010084385 fre