Horizon 1 1 17 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES Cancer Medicine [11 p.] careHPV (TM) cervical cancer HIV-1 Lao PDR liquid-based cytology Papanicolaou test LAOS 2022 fdi:010084385 ENG Cancer Medicine 2045-7634 ISI:000765723400001 10.1002/cam4.4502 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084385 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2022-04/010084385.pdf [Early access] Horizon (IRD) Background: In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), cervical cancer is the third leading cause of women cancer. Aims: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to compare the efficacy of careHPV (TM) test versus conventional Pap smear or Siriraj liquid-based cytology in the detection of cervical cancer in women living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Materials & Methods: Overall, 631 women consented to participate. Four cervical specimens were taken for the purpose of conventional Pap smear, Siriraj liquid-based cytology, careHPV (TM) test, and HPV-16 genotyping. The exact McNemar test was used to compare the efficacy and diagnostic performance of the tests. Results: Of the 631 women with follow-up, 331 were human papillomavirus (HPV) negative. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were found in 37 women, biopsy-proven high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 50 women, and invasive carcinoma in seven women. The proportion of women with high-grade cervical lesion or carcinoma detected after abnormal careHPV (TM) test was higher (6.02%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.4-8.1) than that detected by conventional Pap smear (4.59%; 95% CI: 3.2-6.5). careHPV (TM) and HPV-16 genotyping had, respectively, the highest sensitivity (80.8%; 95% CI: 67.4-89.5) and specificity (92.2%; 95% CI: 89.8-94.2). HPV-16 was the most frequently detected genotype. Conclusions: careHPV (TM) test represents a screening option in Lao PDR, particularly in women living with HIV-1 because of higher prevalence of chronic HPV in this population. 050 ; 052 Laos