@article{fdi:010084313,
  title = {{C}oming from elsewhere : the preponderance of introduced plant species in agroforestry systems on the east coast of {M}adagascar},
  author = {{D}anthu, {P}. and {M}ichel, {I}. and {C}arri{\`e}re, {S}t{\'e}phanie {M}. and {L}abeyrie, {V}. and {R}akouth, {B}. and {S}arron, {J}. and {M}ariel, {J}. and {L}asserre, {D}. and {P}enot, {E}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}n inventory of the species in and around the clove agroforestry systems ({AFS}) on the east coast of {M}adagascar revealed that none of the currently grown species derive from the native {M}alagasy biodiversity: the herbaceous and woody plants which comprise planned agrobiodiversity, i.e. are deliberately planted by the farmer, are without exception, introduced species. {T}he associated agrobiodiversity, including plants that grow spontaneously and are protected or tolerated by farmers, is composed of a mix of native and introduced species. {T}his situation, which is paradoxical for an island with a very high level of endemicity is the result of a double process of species introduction. {T}he first is associated with the waves of migration, which, during the past three thousand years or so, allowed colonisation of the island, previously devoid of human occupants. {T}he migrant populations originating from {A}ustronesia and then from {A}frica, introduced their own crops and associated growing practices and only exploited local biodiversity through gathering, which did not require planting or tending. {T}his situation is therefore the result of a long process of farmers' strategies to manage natural resources in a context of subsistence agriculture. {T}he second process is more recent and is associated with increasing occupation by {E}uropeans from the 16th/eighteenth century onwards, which peaked at the end of the nineteenth century with the {F}rench colonisers, who introduced and then developed cash crops (coffee, cloves, vanilla). {T}his long-term retrospective study sheds light on the dynamics at the origin of the biodiversity "melting pot" visible today in the {AFS} along the east coast of {M}adagascar. {I}t shows the constant evolution and adaptation of farmers' strategies and cropping systems, but also their historical roots. {T}he cohabitation between introduced and indigenous species, observed today in {M}adagascar, is found in other {AFS}s built around an introduced cash crop, in various tropical zones. {K}nowing the origins and determinants of this cohabitation could be useful to support future evolutions of these cropping systems in the current context of changing agricultural practices in response to ecological and macroeconomic pressures.},
  keywords = {{A}grobiodiversity ; {A}groforestry system ; {I}ntroduced species ; {I}ndigenous species ; {M}adagascar ; {MADAGASCAR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}groforestry {S}ystems},
  volume = {96},
  numero = {},
  pages = {697--716},
  ISSN = {0167-4366},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10457-022-00732-z},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084313},
}