@article{fdi:010084271,
  title = {{H}igh prevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-sars-cov-2) antibodies after the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 ({COVID}-19) in {K}inshasa, {D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo : results of a cross-sectional household-based survey},
  author = {{N}kuba, {A}. {N}. and {M}akiala, {S}. {M}. and {G}uichet, {E}milande and {T}shiminyi, {P}. {M}. and {B}azitama, {Y}. {M}. and {Y}ambayamba, {M}. {K}. and {K}azenza, {B}. {M}. and {K}abeya, {T}. {M}. and {M}atungulu, {E}. {B}. and {B}aketana, {L}. {K}. and {M}itongo, {N}. {M}. and {T}haurignac, {G}. and {L}eendertz, {F}. {H}. and {V}anlerberghe, {V}. and {P}elloquin, {R}aphael and {E}tard, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {M}aman, {D}. and {M}bala, {P}. {K}. and {A}youba, {A}hidjo and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {M}uyembe, {J}. {J}. {T}. and {D}elaporte, {E}. and {A}huka, {S}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {I}n {O}ctober 2020, after the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 ({COVID}-19), only 8290 confirmed cases were reported in {K}inshasa, {D}emocratic {R}epublic of the {C}ongo, but the real prevalence remains unknown. {T}o guide public health policies, we aimed to describe the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ({SARS}-{C}o{V}-2) immunoglobulin {G} ({I}g{G}) antibodies in the general population in {K}inshasa. {M}ethods {W}e conducted a cross-sectional, household-based serosurvey between 22 {O}ctober 2020 and 8 {N}ovember 2020. {P}articipants were interviewed at home and tested for antibodies against {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in a {L}uminex-based assay. {A} positive serology was defined as a sample that reacted with both {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 proteins (100% sensitivity, 99.7% specificity). {T}he overall weighted, age-standardized prevalence was estimated and the infection-to-case ratio was calculated to determine the proportion of undiagnosed {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 infections. {R}esults {A} total of 1233 participants from 292 households were included (mean age, 32.4 years; 764 [61.2%] women). {T}he overall weighted, age-standardized {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 seroprevalence was 16.6% (95% {CI}: 14.0-19.5%). {T}he estimated infection-to-case ratio was 292:1. {P}revalence was higher among participants >= 40 years than among those <18 years (21.2% vs 14.9%, respectively; {P} < .05). {I}t was also higher in participants who reported hospitalization than among those who did not (29.8% vs 16.0%, respectively; {P} < .05). {H}owever, differences were not significant in the multivariate model ({P} = .1). {C}onclusions {T}he prevalence of {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 is much higher than the number of {COVID}-19 cases reported. {T}hese results justify the organization of a sequential series of serosurveys by public health authorities to adapt response measures to the dynamics of the pandemic. {D}espite the early containment measures of the {DRC} government, the {COVID}-19 pandemic has spread in {K}inshasa with an overall 16.6% {SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 seroprevalence after the peak of the first wave, which is much higher than the number of {COVID}-19 cases reported.},
  keywords = {{SARS}-{C}o{V}-2 ; serological survey ; general population ; {DRC} ; {A}frica ; {CONGO} ; {REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}linical {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {[{E}arly access]},
  numero = {},
  pages = {[9 ]},
  ISSN = {1058-4838},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1093/cid/ciab515},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084271},
}