@article{fdi:010084262,
  title = {{T}emporal evolution of the humoral antibody response after {E}bola virus disease in {G}uinea : a 60-month observational prospective cohort study},
  author = {{D}iallo, {M}. {S}. {K}. and {A}youba, {A}hidjo and {K}eita, {A}. {K}. and {T}haurignac, {G}. and {S}ow, {M}. {S}. and {K}pamou, {C}. and {B}arry, {T}. {A}. and {M}sellati, {P}hilippe and {E}tard, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {E}cochard, {R}. and {D}elaporte, {E}. and {T}oure, {A}. and {P}ost{E}bogui {S}tudy {G}roup},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {I}nsufficient long-term data are available on antibody kinetics in survivors of {E}bola virus disease ({EVD}). {L}ikewise, few studies, with very small sample sizes, have investigated cross-reactions between {E}bolavirus spp. {I}n this study, we aimed to assess the humoral antibody response and its determinants in survivors of {EVD} and assess cross reactivity of antibodies between diverse {E}bolavirus spp. {M}ethods {I}n this observational, prospective cohort study, we collected blood samples from patients from three recruitment sites in {G}uinea included in the {P}ostebogui study, and we assessed {I}g{G} antibody binding to recombinant glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and 40-k{D}a viral protein ({VP}40) of {Z}aire ({EBOV}), {B}undibugyo ({BDBV}), and {S}udan ({SUDV}) {E}bolaviruses. {P}articipants from the {P}ost{E}bogui study, from whom we had at least one blood sample that could be tested for the presence of antibodies, were eligible for this analysis. {P}atients in the {P}ost{E}bogui study were assessed clinically at inclusion, 1 month and 3 months later, and subsequently every 6 months for up to 60 months after discharge from the {E}bola treatment centre. {W}e explored predictors of glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and {VP}40 antibody concentrations through a linear mixed model. {A} logistic mixed model was done to estimate the probability of seropositivity and associated determinants. {W}e assessed cross-reactivity by use of hierarchical cluster analysis. {F}indings {O}f the 802 patients included in the {P}ostebogui study, 687 were included in our analyses. 310 (45%) patients were men and 377 (55%) were women, with an overall median age at the time of the first blood sample of 27middot3 years ({IQR} 19middot5-38middot2). {W}e observed an overall significant decrease over time of {EBOV} antibodies, with antibodies against nucleoproteins decreasing more rapidly. {A}t 60 months after discharge from the {E}bola treatment centre, the probability of having antibodies against glycoproteins was 76middot2% (95% {CI} 67middot2-83middot3), against nucleoproteins was 59middot4% (46middot3-71middot3), and against {VP}40 was 60middot9% (51middot4-69middot8). {P}ersistence of {EBOV} {RNA} in semen was associated with higher concentrations of {I}g{G} antibodies against nucleoprotein {EBOV} antigens. {I}ndividually, we observed in some survivors an antibody wax-and-wane pattern. {T}he proportion of cross-reactions was highest between glycoproteins from {K}issidougou and {M}ayinga {EBOV} strains (94middot5%, 95% {CI} 92middot5-96middot1), followed by {EBOV} {VP}40 and {BDBV} {VP}40 (88middot3%, 85middot7-90middot6), and {EBOV} {VP}40 and {SUDV} {VP}40 (83middot3%, 80middot3-86middot1). {I}nterpretation {T}he probability for survivors of {EVD} to have antibodies against one or more {EBOV} antigens remained high, although approximately 25% of survivors had undetectable antibodies, which could have implications, such as a possible decreasing population immunity, for future {E}bola outbreaks in the same region. {F}unding {R}eacting-{I}nstitut {N}ational de la {S}ante et de la {R}echerche {M}edicale, {I}nstitut de {R}echerche pour le {D}eveloppement, and {M}ontpellier {U}niversite d'{E}xcellence.},
  keywords = {{GUINEE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{L}ancet {M}icrobe},
  volume = {2},
  numero = {12},
  pages = {{E}676--{E}684},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00170-1},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010084262},
}