@article{fdi:010083377,
  title = {{M}olecular investigation of recurrent {S}treptococcus iniae epizootics affecting coral reef fish on an oceanic island suggests at least two distinct emergence events},
  author = {{I}rion, {S}. and {S}ilayeva, {O}. and {S}weet, {M}. and {C}habanet, {P}ascale and {B}arnes, {A}. {C}. and {T}ortosa, {P}. and {S}ere, {M}. {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}treptococcus iniae is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of increasing concern for aquaculture and has caused several epizootics in reef fishes from the {C}aribbean, the {R}ed {S}ea and the {I}ndian {O}cean. {T}o study the population structure, introduction pathways and evolution of {S}. iniae over recurring epizootics on {R}eunion {I}sland, we developed and validated a {M}ulti {L}ocus {S}equence {T}yping ({MLST}) panel using genomic data obtained from 89 isolates sampled during epizootics occurring over the past 40years in {A}ustralia, {A}sia, the {U}nited {S}tates, {I}srael and {R}eunion {I}sland. {W}e selected eight housekeeping loci, which resulted in the greatest variation across the main {S}. iniae phylogenetic clades highlighted by the whole genomic dataset. {W}e then applied the developed {MLST} to investigate the origin of {S}. iniae responsible for four epizootics on {R}eunion {I}sland, first in inland aquaculture and then on the reefs from 1996 to 2014. {R}esults suggest at least two independent {S}. iniae emergence events occurred on the island. {M}olecular data support that the first epizootic resulted from an introduction, with inland freshwater aquaculture facilities acting as a stepping-stone. {S}uch an event may have been facilitated by the ecological flexibility of {S}. iniae, able to survive in both fresh and marine waters and the ability of the pathogen to infect multiple host species. {B}y contrast, the second epizootic was associated with a distinct {ST} of cosmopolitan distribution that may have emerged as a result of environment disturbance. {T}his novel tool will be effective at investigating recurrent epizootics occurring within a given environment or country that is despite the fact that {S}. iniae appears to have low genetic diversity within its lineage.},
  keywords = {{S}treptococcus iniae ; {MLST} ; epizootics ; reef fish ; aquaculture ; {REUNION}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}icrobiology},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {},
  pages = {749734 [12 p.]},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmicb.2021.749734},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010083377},
}