@article{fdi:010082759,
  title = {{A}ntimalarial drug resistance in the {C}entral and {A}damawa regions of {C}ameroon : prevalence of mutations in {P}. falciparum crt, {P}fmdr1, {P}fdhfr and {P}fdhps genes},
  author = {{T}uedom, {A}. {G}. {B}. and {S}arah-{M}atio, {E}langwe {M}ilo and {M}oukoko, {C}. {E}. {E}. and {F}eufack-{D}onfack, {B}. {L}. and {M}affo, {C}. {N}. and {B}ayibeki, {A}. {N}. and {A}wono-{A}mbene, {H}. {P}. and {A}yong, {L}. and {B}erry, {A}. and {A}bate, {L}uc and {M}orlais, {I}sabelle and {N}sango, {S}. {E}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he spread of {P}lasmodium falciparum resistant parasites remains one of the major challenges for malaria control and elimination in {S}ub {S}aharan {A}frica. {M}onitoring of molecular markers conferring resistance to different antimalarials is important to track the spread of resistant parasites and to optimize the therapeutic lifespan of current drugs. {T}his study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of known mutations in the drug resistance genes {P}fcrt, {P}fmdr1, {P}fdhfr and {P}fdhps in two different epidemiological settings in {C}ameroon. {D}ried blood spots collected in 2018 and 2019 from asymptomatic individuals were used for {DNA} extraction and then the {P}lasmodium infection status was determined by{PCR}. {D}etection of {SNP}s was performed by nested {PCR} followed by allele-specific restriction analysis ({ASRA}). {T}he prevalence of each genotype was compared between sites using the {C}hi square and {F}isher's exact tests. {A} high prevalence of the {P}fcrt {K}76 wild type allele was found in both sites (88.5 and 62.29% respectively; {P}< 0,0001). {T}he prevalence of {P}fmdr1 mutations 86{Y} and 1246{Y} was respectively 55.83 and 1.45% in {M}fou and 45.87 and 5.97% in {T}ibati, with significant difference between the studied areas ({P}<0.0001). {O}verall, the {P}fdhfr triple-mutant genotype (51{I}/59{R}/108{N}) was highly prevalent (> 96%), however no {SNP} was detected at codon 164. {I}n {P}fdhps, the prevalence of the 437{G} mutation reached (90%) and was at higher frequency in {M}fou ({P}< 0.0001). {O}verall, the {P}fdhps mutations 540{E} and 581{G} were less common (0.33 and 3.26%, respectively). {T}he quadruple resistant genotype ({P}fdhfr 51{I}/59{R}/108{N}+{P}fdhp437{G}) was found almost 90% of the samples. {T}he wild-type genotype ({P}fdhfr {N}51/{C}59/{S}108/164{I}+{P}fdhps {A}437/{K}540/{A}581) was never identified and the sextuple mutant ({P}fdhfr 51{I}/59{R}/108{N}+{P}fdhp437{G}/540{E}/581{G}), kwon as super resistant appeared in two samples from {T}ibati. {T}hese findings demonstrate declining trends in the prevalence of mutations conferring resistance to 4-aminoquinolines, especially to chloroquine. {H}owever, a high level of mutations in {P}. falciparum genes related to {SP} resistance was detected and this raises concerns about the future efficacy of {IPT}p-{SP} and {SMC} in {C}ameroon.},
  keywords = {{CAMEROUN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {16},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {e0256343 [19 p.]},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0256343},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082759},
}