@article{fdi:010082702,
  title = {{S}ibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis {B} virus infection in {S}enegalese children : a cross-sectional survey},
  author = {{P}{\'e}ri{\`e}res, {L}auren and {P}rotopopescu, {C}. and {L}o, {G}. {R}. and {M}arcellin, {F}. and {B}a, {E}. and {C}oste, {M}. and {K}ane, {C}. {T}. and {D}iallo, {A}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {B}oyer, {S}. and {ANRS} {A}m{BASS} {S}urvey {S}tudy {G}roup},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}ub-{S}aharan {A}frica's hepatitis {B} virus ({HBV}) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. {H}owever, data on chronic {HBV} infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post-{HBV} vaccination introduction are scarce. {W}e estimated hepatitis {B} surface antigen ({HB}s{A}g) prevalence and risk factors in {S}enegalese children born during the {HBV} vaccination era. {I}n 2018-2019, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in {S}enegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three-dose {HBV} vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). {HB}s{A}g-positive children were identified using dried blood spots. {A} standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. {D}ata were age-sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. {R}isk factors associated with {HB}s{A}g positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. {A}mong 1,327 children, 17 were {HB}s{A}g-positive (prevalence = 1.23% (95% confidence interval [{CI}] 0.61-1.85)). {O}lder age (adjusted incidence-rate ratio [a{IRR}] 1.31 per one-year increase, 95% {CI} 1.10-1.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (a{IRR} 3.55, 95% {CI} 1.39-9.02), stitches (lifetime) (a{IRR} 4.79; 95% {CI} 1.84-12.39), tattoos (a{IRR} 8.97, 95% {CI} 1.01-79.11) and having an {HB}s{A}g-positive sibling with the same mother (a{IRR} 3.05, 95% {CI} 1.09-8.57) were all independently associated with {HB}s{A}g positivity. {T}he low {HB}s{A}g prevalence highlights the success of the {S}enegalese {HBV} vaccination program. {T}o further reduce {HBV} acquisition in children, high-risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of {HB}s{A}g-positive individuals, must be screened. {V}ital {HBV} infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures.},
  keywords = {child ; hepatitis {B} ; prevalence ; risk factors ; {S}enegal ; {SENEGAL} ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {V}iral {H}epatitis},
  volume = {28},
  numero = {11},
  pages = {1515--1525},
  ISSN = {1352-0504},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1111/jvh.13589},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082702},
}