%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Morin, A.
%A Guillaume, M.
%A Ngarka, L.
%A Tatah, G. Y.
%A Fodjo, J. N. S.
%A Wyart, G.
%A Nokam, G.
%A Tchoumi, T.
%A Nkinin, M. B.
%A Njamnshi, W. Y.
%A Chokote, E. S.
%A Boussinesq, Michel
%A Colebunders, R.
%A Chesnais, Cédric
%A Gargala, G.
%A Parain, D.
%A Njamnshi, A. K.
%T Epilepsy in the Sanaga-Mbam valley, an onchocerciasis-endemic region in Cameroon : electroclinical and neuropsychological findings
%D 2022
%L fdi:010082633
%G ENG
%J Epilepsia Open
%K onchocerciasis ; epilepsy ; neuropsychology ; electrophysiology ; nodding ; syndrome ; Cameroon
%K CAMEROUN
%K SANAGA MBAM VALLEE
%M ISI:000683499400001
%N 3
%P 513-527
%R 10.1002/epi4.12510
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082633
%> https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2021-09/010082633.pdf
%V 6
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Objective Epilepsy is highly prevalent in onchocerciasis-endemic African regions. Various types of epilepsy have been described in such regions based essentially on clinical characteristics. Methods We conducted a clinical, neurophysiological and neuropsychological study of epilepsy in the onchocerciasis-endemic region of Ntui, Sanaga-Mbam area, Cameroon. Results One hundred and eighty-seven persons with presumed epilepsy were recruited in an epilepsy clinic in Ntui. Epilepsy was clinically confirmed in 144 (79%) subjects, 69 (46.0%) of them met the onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) criteria, and 51 of 106 tested (48.1%) presented Ov16 antibodies. Electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded in 91 participants, of which 36 (33%) were considered abnormal and 27 of 36 (75%) revealed bifrontotemporal spike and slow waves. Concerning the neuropsychological evaluation, 29% showed severe global cognitive impairment, 28% severe episodic memory impairment, and 66% severe frontal cognitive impairment. Half of the persons with epilepsy (PWE) suffered from a mental disorder. Significance In PWE in the Sanaga-Mbam area in Cameroon, we observed EEG patterns similar to those described among persons with OAE, including nodding syndrome in other onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Most PWE presented with severe cognitive impairment. We hypothesize that onchocerciasis may induce neurocognitive disorders and epilepsy via a mechanism that involves mainly the frontal and temporal regions of the brain.
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