@article{fdi:010082428,
  title = {{S}easonal and interannual evolution of the mixed layer in the {A}ntarctic {Z}one south of {T}asmania},
  author = {{C}haigneau, {A}lexis and {M}orrow, {R}.{A}. and {R}intoul, {S}.{R}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}easonal and interannual variations of the mixed layer properties in the {A}ntarctic {Z}one ({AZ}) south of {T}asmania are described using 7 {WOCE}/{SR}3 {CTD} sections and 8 years of summertime {SURVOSTRAL} {XBT} and thermosalinograph measurements between {T}asmania and {A}ntarctica. {T}he {AZ}, which extends from the {P}olar {F}ront ({PF}) to the {S}outhern {A}ntarctic {C}ircumpolar {C}urrent {F}ront ({SACCF}), is characterized by a 150 m deep layer of cold {W}inter {W}ater ({WW}) overlayed in summer by warmer, fresher water mass known as {A}ntarctic {S}urface {W}ater ({AASW}). {S}outh of {T}asmania, two branches of the {PF} divide the {AZ} into northern and southern zones with distinct water properties and variability. {I}n the northern {AZ} (between the northern and southern branches of the {PF}), the mixed layer depth ({MLD}) is fairly constant in latitude, being 150 m deep in winter and around 40-60 m in summer. {I}n the southern {AZ}, the winter {MLD} decreases from 150 m at the {S}-{PF} to 80 m at the {SACCF} and from 60 to 35 m in summer. {S}hallower mixed layers in the {AZ}-{S} are due to the decrease in the wind speed and stronger upwelling near the {A}ntarctic {D}ivergence. {T}he {WW} {MLD} oscillates by ±15 m around its mean value and modest interannual changes are driven by winter wind stress anomalies. {T}he mixed layer is on annual average 1.7 °{C} warmer, 0.06 fresher and 0.2 kg m?3 lighter in the northern {AZ} than in the southern {AZ}. {T}he {L}evitus (1998) climatology is in agreement with the observed mean summer mixed layer temperature and salinity along the {SURVOSTRAL} line but underestimates the {MLD} by 10-20 m. {T}he winter {MLD} in the climatology is also closed to that observed, but is 0.15 saltier than the observations along the {AZ}-{N} of the {SR}3 line. {MLD}, temperature and density show a strong seasonal cycle through the {AZ} while the mixed layer salinity is nearly constant throughout the year. {D}uring winter, the {AZ} {MLD} is associated with a halocline while during summer it coincides with a thermocline. {I}nterannual variability of the {AZ} summer mixed layer is partly influenced by large scale processes such as the circumpolar wave which produces a warm anomaly during the summer 1996-1997, and partly by local mechanisms such as the retroflection of the {S}-{PF} which introduces cold water across the {AZ}-{N}.},
  keywords = {{TASMANIA} ; {ANTARCTIQUE} ; {TERRE} {ADELIE} ; {OCEAN} {AUSTRAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{D}eep {S}ea {R}esearch {P}art {I} : {O}ceanographic {R}esearch {P}apers},
  volume = {57},
  numero = {12},
  pages = {2047--2072},
  ISSN = {0967-0637},
  year = {2004},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.dsr.2004.06.013},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082428},
}