@article{fdi:010082310,
  title = {{U}se of vector control to protect people from sleeping sickness in the focus of {B}onon ({C}ote d'{I}voire)},
  author = {{K}aba, {D}. and {D}johan, {V}. and {B}erte, {D}. and {T}a, {B}. {T}. {D}. and {S}elby, {R}. and {K}ouadio, {K}. {A}. {D}. {M}. and {C}oulibaly, {B}. and {T}raor{\'e}, {G}. and {R}ayaisse, {J}. {B}. and {F}auret, {P}ierre and {J}amonneau, {V}incent and {L}ingue, {K}. and {S}olano, {P}hilippe and {T}orr, {S}. {J}. and {C}ourtin, {F}abrice},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {G}ambian human {A}frican trypanosomiasis (g{HAT}) is a neglected tropical disease caused by {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense transmitted by tsetse flies ({G}lossina). {I}n {C}ote d'{I}voire, {B}onon is the most important focus of g{HAT}, with 325 cases diagnosed from 2000 to 2015 and efforts against g{HAT} have relied largely on mass screening and treatment of human cases. {W}e assessed whether the addition of tsetse control by deploying {T}iny {T}argets offers benefit to sole reliance on the screen-and-treat strategy. {M}ethodology and principal findings {I}n 2015, we performed a census of the human population of the {B}onon focus, followed by an exhaustive entomological survey at 278 sites. {A}fter a public sensitization campaign, similar to 2000 {T}iny {T}argets were deployed across an area of 130 km(2) in {F}ebruary of 2016, deployment was repeated annually in the same month of 2017 and 2018. {T}he intervention's impact on tsetse was evaluated using a network of 30 traps which were operated for 48 hours at three-month intervals from {M}arch 2016 to {D}ecember 2018. {A} second comprehensive entomological survey was performed in {D}ecember 2018 with traps deployed at 274 of the sites used in 2015. {S}ub-samples of tsetse were dissected and examined microscopically for presence of trypanosomes. {T}he census recorded 26,697 inhabitants residing in 331 settlements. {P}rior to the deployment of targets, the mean catch of tsetse from the 30 monitoring traps was 12.75 tsetse/trap (5.047-32.203, 95%{CI}), i.e. 6.4 tsetse/trap/day. {F}ollowing the deployment of {T}iny {T}argets, mean catches ranged between 0.06 (0.016-0.260, 95%{CI}) and 0.55 (0.166-1.794, 95%{CI}) tsetse/trap, i.e. 0.03-0.28 tsetse/trap/day. {D}uring the final extensive survey performed in {D}ecember 2018, 52 tsetse were caught compared to 1,909 in 2015, with 11.6% (5/43) and 23.1% (101/437) infected with {T}rypanosoma respectively. {C}onclusions {T}he annual deployment of {T}iny {T}argets in the g{HAT} focus of {B}onon reduced the density of {G}lossina palpalis palpalis by >95%. {T}iny {T}argets offer a powerful addition to current strategies towards eliminating g{HAT} from {C}ote d'{I}voire.},
  keywords = {{COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {BONON}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {15},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {e0009404 [18 p.]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0009404},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082310},
}