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      <title>Modelling cross-shore shoreline change on multiple timescales and their interactions</title>
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    <abstract>In this paper, a new approach to model wave-driven, cross-shore shoreline change incorporating multiple timescales is introduced. As a base, we use the equilibrium shoreline prediction model ShoreFor that accounts for a single timescale only. High-resolution shoreline data collected at three distinctly different study sites is used to train the new data-driven model. In addition to the direct forcing approach used in most models, here two additional terms are introduced: a time-upscaling and a time-downscaling term. The upscaling term accounts for the persistent effect of short-term events, such as storms, on the shoreline position. The downscaling term accounts for the effect of long-term shoreline modulations, caused by, for example, climate variability, on shorter event impacts. The multi-timescale model shows improvement compared to the original ShoreFor model (a normalized mean square error improvement during validation of 18 to 59%) at the three contrasted sandy beaches. Moreover, it gains insight in the various timescales (storms to inter-annual) and reveals their interactions that cause shoreline change. We find that extreme forcing events have a persistent shoreline impact and cause 57-73% of the shoreline variability at the three sites. Moreover, long-term shoreline trends affect short-term forcing event impacts and determine 20-27% of the shoreline variability.</abstract>
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    <subject>
      <topic>equilibrium shoreline modelling</topic>
      <topic>ShoreFor</topic>
      <topic>cross-shore sediment</topic>
      <topic>transport</topic>
      <topic>multiple timescales</topic>
    </subject>
    <subject authority="local">
      <geographic>AUSTRALIE</geographic>
      <geographic>VIET NAM</geographic>
      <geographic>NOUVELLE ZELANDE</geographic>
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    <classification authority="local">032</classification>
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      <titleInfo>
        <title>Journal of Marine Science and Engineering</title>
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      <part>
        <detail type="volume">
          <number>9</number>
        </detail>
        <detail type="volume">
          <number>6</number>
        </detail>
        <extent unit="pages">
          <list> 582 [27 p.]</list>
        </extent>
      </part>
      <originInfo>
        <dateIssued>2021</dateIssued>
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    <identifier type="uri">https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010082246</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/jmse9060582</identifier>
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      <recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2021-08-31</recordCreationDate>
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