@article{fdi:010081289,
  title = {{A}ssessing new sensor-based volume measurement methods for high-throughput bulk density estimation in the field under various soil conditions},
  author = {{C}oulouma, {G}. and {F}eurer, {D}enis and {V}inatier, {F}. and {H}uttel, {O}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}oil bulk density ({BD}) is a key soil property in soil science. {BD} is measured at the scale of the soil horizon with conventional methods: core sampling and rubber balloon. {R}egardless of the method, {BD} measurement in the field is cumbersome and time consuming, especially in stony soils, and new, less invasive methods have emerged, but their measurement quality needs to be compared with conventional methods. {T}he photogrammetric technique ({S}f{M}) consists of the reconstruction of a given scene in 3{D} from multi-view photographs. {T}he aim of the present work is to assess the {S}f{M} as a rapid, accurate method of measuring the volume of undisturbed soil for {BD} measurements, regardless of the soil depth and stone content. {T}en soil horizons were investigated from various types of soils with different soil properties, especially texture (10 to 48% of clay) and stone content (0 to 73%). {T}he bulk density of each horizon was measured with a reference method (core sampling), an excavation method (rubber balloon) and two recently developed sensor-based methods: {S}f{M} and a lightweight flash {L}i{D}ar. {F}or the sensor-based methods, an automated post-processing method was developed to reduce the human operating time. {T}he {BD}s measured from the {S}f{M} were significantly similar to those measured from core sampling. {A}t this stage, the lightweight flash {L}i{D}ar is not sufficient to measure the {BD} with high accuracy. {F}inally, we recommend the use of {S}f{M} to measure {BD} regarding its robustness in varying soil conditions, especially stony soils, and we discuss the potential of the method regarding the recent advances in its field use with smartphones. {H}ighlights {S}oil bulk density ({BD}) is a key soil property in soil science {T}he photogrammetric technique and flash {L}idar were applied to measure {BD} in the field {T}he photogrammetric technique and flash {L}idar were compared to classical methods {T}he flash lidar is not sufficient to measure the {BD} with high accuracy {T}he photogrammetric technique is recommended especially in stony soils},
  keywords = {bulk density ; digital soil morphometry ; experimental design ; flash ; {L}i{D}ar ; pedology ; photogrammetry ; soil structure ; {FRANCE} ; {LANGUEDOC}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}uropean {J}ournal of {S}oil {S}cience},
  volume = {[{E}arly access]},
  numero = {},
  pages = {[13 ]},
  ISSN = {1351-0754},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1111/ejss.13115},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081289},
}