@article{fdi:010081278,
  title = {{R}apid radiation of angraecoids ({O}rchidaceae, {A}ngraecinae) in tropical {A}frica characterised by multiple karyotypic shifts under major environmental instability},
  author = {{F}arminhao, {J}. {N}. {M}. and {V}erlynde, {S}. and {K}aymak, {E}. and {D}roissart, {V}incent and {S}imo-{D}roissart, {M}. and {C}ollobert, {G}. and {M}artos, {F}. and {S}tevart, {T}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}ngraecoid orchids present a remarkable diversity of chromosome numbers, which makes them a highly suitable system for exploring the impact of karyotypic changes on cladogenesis, diversification and morphological differentiation. {W}e compiled an annotated cytotaxonomic checklist for 126 species of {A}ngraecinae, which was utilised to reconstruct chromosomal evolution using a newly-produced, near-comprehensive phylogenetic tree that includes 245 angraecoid taxa. {I}n tandem with this improved phylogenetic framework, using combined {B}ayesian, maximum likelihood and parsimony approaches on {ITS}-1 and five plastid markers, we propose a new cladistic nomenclature for the angraecoids, and we estimate a new timeframe for angraecoid radiation based on a secondary calibration, and calculate diversification rates using a {B}ayesian approach. {C}oincident divergence dates between clades with identical geographical distributions in the angraecoids and the pantropical orchid genus {B}ulbophyllum suggest that the same events may have intervened in the dispersal of these two epiphytic groups between {A}sia, continental {A}frica, {M}adagascar and the {N}eotropics. {T}he major angraecoid lineages probably began to differentiate in the {M}iddle {M}iocene, and most genera and species emerged respectively around the {L}ate {M}iocene-{P}liocene boundary and the {P}leistocene. {A}ncestral state reconstruction using maximum likelihood estimation revealed an eventful karyotypic history dominated by descending dysploidy. {K}aryotypic shifts seem to have paralleled cladogenesis in continental tropical {A}frica, where approximately 90% of the species have descended from at least one inferred transition from n = 17-18 to n = 25 during the {M}iddle {M}iocene {C}limatic {T}ransition, followed by some clade-specific descending and ascending dysploidy from the {L}ate {M}iocene to the {P}leistocene. {C}onversely, detected polyploidy is restricted to a few species lineages mostly originating during the {P}leistocene. {N}o increases in net diversification could be related to chromosome number changes, and the apparent net diversification was found to be highest in {M}adagascar, where karyotypic stasis predominates. {F}inally, shifts in chromosome number appear to have paralleled the evolution of rostellum structure, leaflessness, and conspicuous changes in floral colour.},
  keywords = {{A}ngraecum ; {D}iversification analysis ; {E}piphyte ; {A}frican rainforest ; {P}hylogenetic nomenclature ; {P}seudotriploid ; {AFRIQUE} ; {MADAGASCAR} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}olecular {P}hylogenetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {159},
  numero = {},
  pages = {107105 [20 p.]},
  ISSN = {1055-7903},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107105},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081278},
}