Bengue M. auteur aut IRD Ferraris Pauline auteur aut IRD Barthelemy J. auteur aut IRD Diagne C. T. auteur aut IRD Hamel Rodolphe auteur aut IRD Liégeois Florian auteur aut IRD Nougairede A. auteur aut IRD de Lamballerie X. auteur aut IRD Simonin Y. auteur aut IRD Pompon Julien auteur aut IRD Salinas S. auteur aut IRD Missé Dorothée auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Mayaro virus (MAYV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are known for their arthrotropism, but accumulating evidence shows that CHIKV infections are occasionally associated with serious neurological complications. However, little is known about the capacity of MAYV to invade the central nervous system (CNS). We show that human neural progenitors (hNPCs), pericytes and astrocytes are susceptible to MAYV infection, resulting in the production of infectious viral particles. In primary astrocytes, MAYV, and to a lesser extent CHIKV, elicited a strong antiviral response, as demonstrated by an increased expression of several interferon-stimulated genes, including ISG15, MX1 and OAS2. Infection with either virus led to an enhanced expression of inflammatory chemokines, such as CCL5, CXCL10 and CXCL11, whereas MAYV induced higher levels of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-15 in these cells. Moreover, MAYV was more susceptible than CHIKV to the antiviral effects of both type I and type II interferons. Taken together, this study shows that although MAYV and CHIKV are phylogenetically related, they induce different types of antiviral responses in astrocytes. This work is the first to evaluate the potential neurotropism of MAYV and shows that brain cells and particularly astrocytes and hNPCs are permissive to MAYV, which, consequently, could lead to MAYV-induced neuropathology. specialized mayaro chikungunya alphavirus arbovirus neural progenitors pericytes astrocytes neurotropism 052 050 020 13 3 465 [17 p.] 2021 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081256 10.3390/v13030465 [F B010081256] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010081256 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2021-05/010081256.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2021-05-17 2025-02-24 fdi:010081256 fre