@article{fdi:010080936, title = {{I}dentifying key questions in the ecology and evolution of cancer}, author = {{D}ujon, {A}. {M}. and {A}ktipis, {A}. and {A}lix-{P}anabieres, {C}. and {A}mend, {S}. {R}. and {B}oddy, {A}. {M}. and {B}rown, {J}. {S}. and {C}app, {J}. {P}. and {D}e{G}regori, {J}. and {E}wald, {P}. and {G}atenby, {R}. and {G}erlinger, {M}. and {G}iraudeau, {M}. and {H}amede, {R}. {K}. and {H}ansen, {E}. and {K}areva, {I}. and {M}aley, {C}. {C}. and {M}arusyk, {A}. and {M}c{G}ranahan, {N}. and {M}etzger, {M}. {J}. and {N}edelcu, {A}. {M}. and {N}oble, {R}. and {N}unney, {L}. and {P}ienta, {K}. {J}. and {P}olyak, {K}. and {P}ujol, {P}. and {R}ead, {A}. {F}. and {R}oche, {B}enjamin and {S}ebens, {S}. and {S}olary, {E}. and {S}tankova, {K}. and {E}wald, {H}. {S}. and {T}homas, {F}. and {U}jvari, {B}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{T}he application of evolutionary and ecological principles to cancer prevention and treatment, as well as recognizing cancer as a selection force in nature, has gained impetus over the last 50 years. {F}ollowing the initial theoretical approaches that combined knowledge from interdisciplinary fields, it became clear that using the eco-evolutionary framework is of key importance to understand cancer. {W}e are now at a pivotal point where accumulating evidence starts to steer the future directions of the discipline and allows us to underpin the key challenges that remain to be addressed. {H}ere, we aim to assess current advancements in the field and to suggest future directions for research. {F}irst, we summarize cancer research areas that, so far, have assimilated ecological and evolutionary principles into their approaches and illustrate their key importance. {T}hen, we assembled 33 experts and identified 84 key questions, organized around nine major themes, to pave the foundations for research to come. {W}e highlight the urgent need for broadening the portfolio of research directions to stimulate novel approaches at the interface of oncology and ecological and evolutionary sciences. {W}e conclude that progressive and efficient cross-disciplinary collaborations that draw on the expertise of the fields of ecology, evolution and cancer are essential in order to efficiently address current and future questions about cancer.}, keywords = {cancer therapy ; contemporary evolution ; evolutionary medicine ; genetics ; neoplasm ; species interactions}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{E}volutionary {A}pplications}, volume = {14}, numero = {4}, pages = {877--892}, ISSN = {1752-4571}, year = {2021}, DOI = {10.1111/eva.13190}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080936}, }