Research policy in Arab countries : international cooperation, competitive calls, and career incentives The transformation of research in the South : policies and outcomes /Arvanitis, Rigas Hanafi, S. Arab countries have underinvested in science and technology, and as a consequence have scientific communities and institutions that underperform in terms of scientific production and broader societal application. Against this historical backdrop, there have been recent reforms across the region in the creation of new research-funding agencies and how they fund research. This paper seeks to understand the scope of these policy changes, their causes, and consequences. Ed. des Archives Contemporaines IRD /Arvanitis, Rigas (ed.) O'Brien, D. (ed.) Graham, M. (collab.) /Moatti, Jean-Paul (préf.) 2019 text https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080715 fdi:010080715 Arvanitis Rigas, Hanafi S., . Research policy in Arab countries : international cooperation, competitive calls, and career incentives. In : Arvanitis Rigas (ed.), O'Brien D. (ed.), Graham M. (collab.), Moatti Jean-Paul (préf.), . The transformation of research in the South : policies and outcomes Ed. des Archives Contemporaines ; IRD, 2019, 7-11 EN MAROC QATAR JORDANIE LIBAN EGYPTE TUNISIE