@article{fdi:010080237,
  title = {{A}utomatic detection of optical signatures within and around {F}loating {T}onga-{F}iji pumice rafts using {MODIS}, {VIIRS}, and {OLCI} satellite sensors},
  author = {{W}hiteside, {A}ndra and {D}upouy, {C}{\'e}cile and {S}ingh, {A}. and {F}rouin, {R}. and {M}enkes, {C}hristophe and {L}ef{\`e}vre, {J}{\'e}r{\^o}me},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}n underwater volcanic eruption off the {V}ava'u island group in {T}onga on 7 {A}ugust 2019 resulted in the creation of floating pumice on the ocean's surface extending over an area of 150 km2. {T}he pumice's far-reaching effects from its origin in the {T}onga region to {F}iji and the methods of automatic detection using satellite imagery are described, making it possible to track the westward drift of the pumice raft over 43 days. {L}evel 2 {M}oderate {R}esolution {I}maging {S}pectroradiometer ({MODIS}), {V}isible {I}nfrared {I}maging {R}adiometer {S}uite ({VIIRS}), {S}entinel-3 {O}cean and {L}and {C}olor {I}nstrument ({OLCI}), and {S}entinel-3 {S}ea and {L}and {S}urface {T}emperature {R}adiometer ({SLSTR}) imagery of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, quasi-surface (i.e., {R}ayleigh-corrected) reflectance,and remote sensing reflectance were used to distinguish consolidated and fragmented rafts as well as discolored and mesotrophic waters. {T}he rafts were detected by a 1 to 3.5°{C} enhancement in the {MODIS}-derived "sea surface temperature" due to the emissivity difference of the raft material. {L}arge plumes of discolored waters, characterized by higher satellite reflectance/backscattering of particles in the blue than surrounding waters (and corresponding to either submersed pumice or associated white minerals), were associated with the rafts. {T}he discolored waters had relatively lower chlorophyll-a concentration, but this was artificial, resulting from the higher blue/red reflectance ratio caused by the reflective pumice particles. {M}esotrophic waters were scarce in the region of the pumice rafts, presumably due to the absence of phytoplanktonic response to a silicium-rich pumice environment in these tropical oligotrophic environments. {A}s beach accumulations around {P}acific islands surrounded by coral shoals are a recurrent phenomenon that finds its origin far east in the ocean along the {T}ongan trench, monitoring the events from space, as demonstrated for the 7 {A}ugust 2019 eruption, might help mitigate their potential economic impacts.},
  keywords = {{TELEDETECTION} {SPATIALE} ; {DONNEES} {SATELLITE} ; {VOLCAN} ; {CAPTEUR} ; {CHLOROPHYLLE} ; {TEMPERATURE} {DE} {SURFACE} ; {COULEUR} {DE} {L}'{OCEAN} ; {PIERRE} {PONCE} ; {CHLOROPHYLLE} {A} ; {ERUPTION} ; {TONGA} ; {FIDJI}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{R}emote {S}ensing},
  volume = {13},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {501 [15 ]},
  ISSN = {2072-4292},
  year = {2021},
  DOI = {10.3390/rs13030501},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080237},
}