@article{fdi:010080116,
  title = {{N}ickel hyperaccumulation in {N}ew {C}aledonian {H}ybanthus ({V}iolaceae) and occurrence of nickel-rich phloem in {H}ybanthus austrocaledonicus},
  author = {{P}aul, {A}.{L}.{D}. and {G}ei, {V}. and {I}snard, {S}andrine and {F}ogliani, {B}. and {E}chevarria, {G}. and {E}rskine, {P}.{D}. and {J}affr{\'e}, {T}anguy and {M}unzinger, {J}{\'e}r{\^o}me and {V}an der {E}nt, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground and {A}ims {H}ybanthus austrocaledonicus ({V}iolaceae) is a nickel ({N}i) hyperaccumulator endemic to {N}ew {C}aledonia. {O}ne of the specimens stored at the local herbarium had a strip of bark with a remarkably green phloem tissue attached to the sheet containing over 4wt% {N}i. {T}his study aimed to collect field samples from the original {H}.austrocaledonicus locality to confirm the nature of the green 'nickel-rich phloem' in this taxon and to systematically assess the occurrence of {N}i hyperaccumulation in {H}. austrocaledonicus and {H}ybanthuscaledonicus populations. {M}ethods {X}-ray fluorescence spectroscopy scanning of all collections of the genus {H}ybanthus (236 specimens) was undertaken at the {H}erbarium of {N}ew {C}aledonia to reveal incidences of {N}i accumulation in populations of {H}. austrocaledonicus and {H}.caledonicus. {I}n parallel, micro-analytical investigations were performed via syn-chrotron {X}-ray fluorescence microscopy ({XFM}) and scanning electron microscopy with {X}-ray microanalysis ({SEM}-{EDS}). {K}ey {R}esults {T}he extensive scanning demonstrated that {N}i hyperaccumulation is not a characteristic common to all populations in the endemic {H}ybanthus species. {S}ynchrotron {XFM} revealed that {N}i was exclusively concentrated in the epidermal cells of the leaf blade and petiole, conforming with the majority of (tropical) {N}i hyperaccumulator plants studied to date. {SEM}-{EDS} of freeze-dried and frozen-hydrated samples revealed the presence of dense solid deposits in the phloem bundles that contained >8wt% nickel. {C}onclusions {T}he occurrence of extremely {N}i-rich green phloem tissues appears to be a characteristic feature of tropical {N}i hyperaccumulator plants.},
  keywords = {{NOUVELLE} {CALEDONIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}nnals of {B}otany},
  volume = {126},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {905--914},
  ISSN = {0305-7364},
  year = {2020},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010080116},
}