Cereghino R. auteur aut IRD Francoise L. auteur aut IRD Bonhomme C. auteur aut IRD Carrias J. F. auteur aut IRD Compin A. auteur aut IRD Corbara B. auteur aut IRD Jassey V. auteur aut IRD Leflaive J. auteur aut IRD Rota T. auteur aut IRD Farjalla V. auteur aut IRD Leroy Céline auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access The intensification of dry seasons is a major threat to freshwater biodiversity in Neotropical regions. Little is known about resistance to drying stress and the underpinning traits in Neotropical freshwater species, so we don't know whether desiccation resistance allows to anticipate shifts in biological diversity under future climate scenarios. Here, we used the aquatic invertebrates that live in the rainwater-filled leaves of tank bromeliads, to examine the extent to which desiccation resistance of species measured in the laboratory predicts community response to drought intensification in nature. We measured desiccation resistance in 17 invertebrate species (> 90% of the biomass usually found in bromeliads of French Guiana) by recording the median lethal time (LT50) of experimental populations exposed to controlled conditions of residual moisture. In the field, we placed rainshelters above tank bromeliads to emulate drought scenarios ranging from the ambient norm to IPCC scenarios and extreme events, and we recorded the response of functional community structure. LT50 ranged from 4.18 to 19.06 days, and was related to cuticle content and dry body mass. Among other functional indicators that represent strategies to optimize resource use under stressful conditions (e.g., habitat use, trophic specialization), LT50 was the best predictor of community structure responses along a gradient of emulated drought intensities. Therefore, species' LT5Os measured under laboratory conditions can be used to forecast aquatic community response to drying stress in nature. Anticipating how species will cope with drought has never been more important for environmental managers to support climate change adaptation. We show that desiccation resistance in freshwater invertebrates is a key indicator of potential population size and local-global range shifts, and this could be especially true in the Neotropics where species have narrow physiological tolerances for climatic variation. specialized Climate change Functional traits LT50 Macroinvertebrates Rainforests GUYANE FRANCAISE 034 082 021 119 106839 [9 p.] 2020 1470-160X https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079925 10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106839 1470-160X [F B010079925] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079925 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2020/11/010079925.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2020-12-08 2025-02-24 fdi:010079925 fre