@article{fdi:010079885,
  title = {{F}irst report of {A}nopheles ({C}ellia) multicolor during a study of tolerance to salinity of {A}nopheles arabiensis larvae in {N}ouakchott, {M}auritania},
  author = {{O}uld {L}emrabott, {M}. {A}. and {L}e {G}off, {G}ilbert and {K}engne, {P}ierre and {N}diaye, {O}. and {C}ostantini, {C}arlo and {M}int {L}ekweiry, {K}. and {O}uld {A}hmedou {S}alem, {M}. {S}. and {R}obert, {V}incent and {B}asco, {L}eonardo and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {B}oukhary, {A}oms},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {A}nopheles multicolor is known to be present in the arid areas of {A}frica north of the {S}ahara {D}esert, especially in oases. {T}o date, its presence in {M}auritania has not been reported. {H}ere, we present the first record of its presence in {N}ouakchott, the capital of {M}auritania. {T}he larvae of {A}n. multicolor, together with those of {A}n. arabiensis, the major malaria vector in the city, were found thriving in highly saline surface water collections. {M}ethods {E}ntomological surveys were carried out during 2016-2017 in {N}ouakchott. {M}osquito larval habitats were investigated through larval surveys while indoor resting culicid fauna were collected using hand-held aspirator. {P}hysicochemical parameters of the larval habitats were measured on-site, at the time mosquitoes were collected. {L}arvae and pupae were reared to adults in the insectaries. {M}orphological and polymerase chain reaction ({PCR})-based methods were used to identify newly emerged adults. {B}atches of fourth-instar larvae were used to assess salinity tolerance by exposing them to increasing concentrations of {N}a{C}l, and mortality was monitored throughout development. {R}esults {M}orphological and molecular results confirmed that the specimens were {A}n. multicolor and {A}n. arabiensis. {S}equences of 24 {A}n. multicolor adult mosquitoes showed 100% nucleotide identity with the published sequences of {A}n. multicolor from {I}ran. {T}he physicochemical analysis of the water from the two larval habitats revealed highly saline conditions, with {N}a{C}l content ranging between 16.8 and 28.9 g/l (i.e. between c.50-80% seawater). {A}nopheles multicolor and {A}n. arabiensis fourth-instar larvae survival rates at 17.5 g/l {N}a{C}l were 86.5% and 75%, respectively. {A}nopheles arabiensis larvae showed variable levels of salt tolerance according to the larval habitat. {A}dult {A}n. multicolor specimens were collected resting indoor at low frequency (0.7%) compared to the other culicid mosquitoes. {C}onclusions {T}o the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first report of {A}n. multicolor in {M}auritania, extending the known distributional range of the species to the south, as well as to the west. {H}ighly salt-tolerant populations of {A}n. arabiensis and {A}n. multicolor were observed. {B}ecause salt-water collections are widespread in {N}ouakchott, the relevance of these findings for the dynamics and epidemiology of malaria transmission needs to be assessed.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles multicolor ; {A}nopheles arabiensis ; {S}alinity ; {L}arval ecology ; {M}auritania ; {MAURITANIE} ; {NOUAKCHOTT}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasites and {V}ectors},
  volume = {13},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {522 [9 ]},
  ISSN = {1756-3305},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1186/s13071-020-04400-y},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079885},
}