Laidoudi Y. auteur aut IRD Medkour H. auteur aut IRD Levasseur A. auteur aut IRD Davoust B. auteur aut IRD Mediannikov Oleg auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Previous studies have reported filarial parasites of the genus Dipetalonema and Mansonella from French Guiana monkeys, based on morphological taxonomy. In this study, we screened blood samples from nine howler monkeys (Alouatta macconnelli) for the presence of filaria and Wolbachia DNA. The infection rates were 88.9% for filaria and 55.6% for wolbachiae. The molecular characterization, based on the 18S gene of filariids, revealed that A. macconnelli are infected with at least three species (Mansonella sp., Brugia sp. and an unidentified Onchocercidae species.). Since the 18S and cox1 generic primers are not very effective at resolving co-infections, we developed ITS genus-specific PCRs for Mansonella and Brugia genus. The results revealed coinfections in 75% of positives. The presence of Mansonella sp. and Brugia sp. was also confirmed by the 16S phylogenetic analysis of their associated Wolbachia. Mansonella sp., which close to the species from the subgenus Tetrapetalonema encountered in NewWorld Monkeys, while Brugia sp. was identical to the strain circulating in French Guiana dogs. We propose a novel ITS1 Brugia genus-specific qPCR. We applied it to screen for Brugia infection in howler monkeys and 66.7% were found to be positive. Our finding highlights the need for further studies to clarify the species diversity of neotropics monkeys by combining molecular and morphological features. The novel Brugia genus-specific qPCR assays could be an effective tool for the surveillance and characterization of this potential zoonosis. specialized Mansonella sp. Brugia sp. Onchocercidae sp. Wolbachia neotropic monkeys reservoir zoonosis GUYANE FRANCAISE 052 080 9 8 626 [22 p.] 2020 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079714 10.3390/pathogens9080626 [F B010079714] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079714 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers20-09/010079714.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2020-10-09 2025-02-24 fdi:010079714 fre