@article{fdi:010079651, title = {{I}nsights from {ANA}-grade angiosperms into the early evolution of {CUP}-{SHAPED} {COTYLEDON} genes}, author = {{V}ialette-{G}uiraud, {A}. {C}. {M}. and {A}dam, {H}{\'e}l{\`e}ne and {F}inet, {C}. and {J}asinski, {S}. and {J}ouannic, {S}tefan and {S}cutt, {C}. {P}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{B}ackground and {A}ims {T}he closely related {NAC} family genes {NO} {APICAL} {MERISTEM} ({NAM}) and {CUP}-{SHAPED} {COTYLEDON}3 ({CUC}3) regulate the formation of boundaries within and between plant organs. {NAM} is post-transcriptionally regulated by mi{R}164, whereas {CUC}3 is not. {T}o gain insight into the evolution of {NAM} and {CUC}3 in the angiosperms, we analysed orthologous genes in early-diverging {ANA}-grade angiosperms and gymnosperms. {M}ethods {W}e obtained {NAM}- and {CUC}3-like sequences from diverse angiosperms and gymnosperms by a combination of reverse transcriptase {PCR}, c{DNA} library screening and database searching, and then investigated their phylogenetic relationships by performing maximum-likelihood reconstructions. {W}e also studied the spatial expression patterns of {NAM}, {CUC}3 and {MIR}164 orthologues in female reproductive tissues of {A}mborella trichopoda, the probable sister to all other flowering plants. {K}ey {R}esults {S}eparate {NAM} and {CUC}3 orthologues were found in early-diverging angiosperms, but not in gymnosperms, which contained putative orthologues of the entire {NAM} + {CUC}3 clade that possessed sites of regulation by mi{R}164. {M}ultiple paralogues of {NAM} or {CUC}3 genes were noted in certain taxa, including {B}rassicaceae. {E}xpression of {NAM}, {CUC}3 and {MIR}164 orthologues from {A}m. trichopoda was found to co-localize in ovules at the developmental boundary between the chalaza and nucellus. {C}onclusions {T}he {NAM} and {CUC}3 lineages were generated by duplication, and {CUC}3 was subsequently lost regulation by mi{R}164, prior to the last common ancestor of the extant angiosperms. {H}owever, the paralogous {NAM} clade genes {CUC}1 and {CUC}2 were generated by a more recent duplication, near the base of {B}rassicaceae. {T}he function of {NAM} and {CUC}3 in defining a developmental boundary in the ovule appears to have been conserved since the last common ancestor of the flowering plants, as does the post-transcriptional regulation in ovule tissues of {NAM} by mi{R}164.}, keywords = {{CUP}-{SHAPED} {COTYLEDON} ; {CUC} ; {NO} {APICAL} {MERISTEM} ; {NAM} ; {NAC} ; {MIR}164 ; {A}mborella trichopoda ; {C}abomba aquatica ; {G}inkgo biloba ; angiosperm ; gymnosperm}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{A}nnals of {B}otany}, volume = {107}, numero = {9}, pages = {1511--1519}, ISSN = {0305-7364}, year = {2011}, DOI = {10.1093/aob/mcr024}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079651}, }