@article{fdi:010079410,
  title = {{D}ynamics of submicroscopic {P}lasmodium falciparum infections throughout pregnancy : a preconception cohort study in {B}enin},
  author = {{H}ounkonnou, {C}. {P}. {A}. and {B}riand, {V}al{\'e}rie and {F}ievet, {N}adine and {A}ccrombessi, {M}. and {Y}ovo, {E}. and {M}ama, {A}. and {S}ossou, {D}. and {V}ianou, {B}. and {M}assougbodji, {A}. and {T}uikue {N}dam, {N}icaise and {C}ot, {M}ichel and {C}ottrell, {G}illes},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground. {I}n the context of global malaria elimination efforts, special attention is being paid to submicroscopic {P}lasmodium falciparum infections. {I}n pregnant, sub-{S}aharan {A}frican women, such infections are more prevalent than microscopic infections, and are thought to have adverse effects on both mothers' and newborns' health. {H}owever, no study has studied the dynamics and determinants of these infections throughout pregnancy. {R}etard de {C}roissance {I}ntra-uterin et {P}aludisme ({RECIPAL}), a preconception cohort study carried out in {B}enin between 2014 and 2017, represented a unique opportunity to assess this issue. {M}ethods. {W}e used data from 273 pregnant {B}eninese women who were followed-up from preconception to delivery. {W}e studied the dynamics of and factors influencing submicroscopic (and microscopic) {P}. falciparum infections during the 3 trimesters of pregnancy, using an ordinal logistic mixed model. {R}esults. {T}he incidence rate of submicroscopic {P}. falciparum infections during pregnancy was 12.7 per 100 person-months (95% confidence interval [{CI}] 10.8-14.9), compared to 6.7 per 100 person-months (95% {CI} 5.5-8.1) for microscopic infections. {T}he prevalences were highest in the first trimester for both submicroscopic and microscopic infections. {A}fter adjustment for potential confounding factors, we found that those of young age and those with a submicroscopic {P}. falciparum infection prior to pregnancy were at significantly higher risks of submicroscopic and microscopic infections throughout pregnancy, with a more pronounced effect in the first trimester of pregnancy. {C}onclusions. {T}he first trimester of pregnancy is a particularly high-risk period for {P}. falciparum infection during pregnancy, especially for the youngest women. {M}alaria prevention tools covering the preconception period and early pregnancy are urgently needed to better protect pregnant women and their newborns.},
  keywords = {dynamic ; submicroscopic {P}. falciparum infections ; pregnancy ; preconception cohort ; sub-{S}aharan {A}frica ; {BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}linical {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {71},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {166--174},
  ISSN = {1058-4838},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1093/cid/ciz748},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079410},
}