@article{fdi:010079054, title = {{H}uman {P}lasmodium vivax diversity, population structure and evolutionary origin}, author = {{R}ougeron, {V}. and {E}lguero, {E}ric and {A}rnathau, {C}. and {H}idalgo, {B}. {A}. and {D}urand, {P}. and {H}ouze, {S}. and {B}erry, {A}. and {Z}akeri, {S}. and {H}aque, {R}. and {A}lam, {M}. {S}. and {N}osten, {F}. and {S}everini, {C}. and {W}oldearegai, {T}. {G}. and {M}ordmuller, {B}. and {K}remsner, {P}. {G}. and {G}onzalez-{C}eron, {L}. and {F}ontecha, {G}. and {G}amboa, {D}. and {M}usset, {L}. and {L}egrand, {E}. and {N}oya, {O}. and {P}umpaibool, {T}. and {H}arnyuttanakorn, {P}. and {L}ekweiry, {K}. {M}. and {A}lbsheer, {M}. {M}. and {H}amid, {M}. {M}. {A}. and {B}oukary, {A}oms and {T}rape, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {R}enaud, {F}. and {P}rugnolle, {F}.}, editor = {}, language = {{ENG}}, abstract = {{A}uthor summary {A}mong the five {P}lasmodium species infecting humans, {P}. vivax is the most prevalent parasite outside {A}frica. {T}o date, there has been less research on this species than for {P}lasmodium falciparum, a more lethal species, principally because of the lack of an in vitro culture system and also because {P}. vivax is considered relatively benign. {N}evertheless, {P}. vivax is responsible for severe and incapacitating clinical symptoms with significant effects on human health. {T}he emergence of new drug resistance and the discovery of severe and even fatal cases due to {P}. vivax question the benign status of {P}. vivax malaria. {I}n recent years, there has been increased interest in characterizing the distribution of genetic variation in {P}. vivax. {H}owever, these studies either generated genetic information from a regional geographic scale or combine genetic datasets generated in different molecular platforms, which is known to generate biased results. {I}n this study, we used a single genotyping platform to genotype 14 microsatellite markers in 834 samples of {P}. vivax obtained from 28 locations in 20 countries from around the world, including several populations from {E}ast and {W}est {A}frica. {W}e discuss the worldwide population genetic structure and the evolutionary origins of {P}. vivax, as well as its introduction into the {A}mericas. {M}ore than 200 million malaria clinical cases are reported each year due to {P}lasmodium vivax, the most widespread {P}lasmodium species in the world. {T}his species has been neglected and understudied for a long time, due to its lower mortality in comparison with {P}lasmodium falciparum. {A} renewed interest has emerged in the past decade with the discovery of antimalarial drug resistance and of severe and even fatal human cases. {N}onetheless, today there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the population genetics and evolutionary history of {P}. vivax, particularly because of a lack of genetic data from {A}frica. {T}o address these gaps, we genotyped 14 microsatellite loci in 834 samples obtained from 28 locations in 20 countries from around the world. {W}e discuss the worldwide population genetic structure and diversity and the evolutionary origin of {P}. vivax in the world and its introduction into the {A}mericas. {T}his study demonstrates the importance of conducting genome-wide analyses of {P}. vivax in order to unravel its complex evolutionary history.}, keywords = {{CAMEROUN} ; {ETHIOPIE} ; {MAURITANIE} ; {SOUDAN} ; {TOGO} ; {MEXIQUE} ; {HONDURAS} ; {VENEZUELA} ; {PEROU} ; {GUYANE} {FRANCAISE} ; {ARMENIE} ; {AZERBAIDJAN} ; {IRAN} ; {PAKISTAN} ; {TURQUIE} ; {BANGLADESH} ; {LAOS} ; {INDE} ; {THAILANDE} ; {REPUBLIQUE} {CENTRAFRICAINE}}, booktitle = {}, journal = {{PL}o{S} {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases}, volume = {14}, numero = {3}, pages = {e0008072 [17 ]}, ISSN = {1935-2735}, year = {2020}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0008072}, URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079054}, }