@article{fdi:010079052,
  title = {{B}acterial culture through selective and non-selective conditions : the evolution of culture media in clinical microbiology},
  author = {{B}onnet, {M}aryline and {L}agier, {J}. {C}. and {R}aoult, {D}. and {K}helaifia, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}icrobiology has been largely developed thanks to the discovery and optimization of culture media. {T}he first liquid artificial culture medium was created by {L}ouis {P}asteur in 1860. {P}reviously, bacterial growth on daily materials such as some foods had been observed. {T}hese observations highlighted the importance of the bacteria's natural environment and their nutritional needs in the development of culture media for their isolation. {A} culture medium is essentially composed of basic elements (water, nutrients), to which must be added different growth factors that will be specific to each bacterium and necessary for their growth. {T}he evolution of bacterial culture through the media used for their culture began with the development of the first solid culture medium by {K}och, allowing not only the production of bacterial colonies, but also the possibility of purifying a bacterial clone. {T}he main gelling agent used in solid culture media is agar. {H}owever, some limits have been observed in the use of agar because of some extremely oxygen-sensitive bacteria that do not grow on agar media, and other alternatives were proposed and tested. {T}hen, the discovery of antimicrobial agents and their specific targets prompted the emergence of selective media. {T}hese inhibiting agents make it possible to eliminate undesirable bacteria from the microbiota and select the bacteria desired. {T}hanks to a better knowledge of the bacterial environment, it will be possible to develop new culture media and new culture conditions, better adapted to certain fastidious bacteria that are difficult to isolate.},
  keywords = {{C}ulture media ; {E}nriched media ; {G}elling agents ; {L}iquid and solid media ; {S}elective media},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ew {M}icrobes and {N}ew {I}nfections},
  volume = {34},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 100622 [11 p.]},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100622},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010079052},
}