@article{fdi:010078524,
  title = {{H}oneybees generalize among pollen scents from plants flowering in the same seasonal period [plus {S}upplementary information]},
  author = {{P}ietrantuono, {A}.{L}. and {R}equier, {F}abrice and {F}ernandez-{A}rhex, {V}. and {W}inter, {J}. and {H}uerta, {G}. and {G}uerrieri, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{W}hen honey bees ({A}pis mellifera) feed on flowers, they extend their proboscis to absorb the nectar, i.e. they perform the proboscis extension response ({PER}). {T}he presence of pollen and/or nectar can be associated with odors, colors or visual patterns, which allows honey bees to recognize food sources in the environment. {H}oney bees can associate similar, though different, stimuli with the presence of food; i.e. honey bees discriminate and generalize among stimuli. {H}ere, we evaluated generalization among pollen scents from six different plant species. {E}xperiments were based on the {PER} conditioning protocol over two phases : (1) conditioning, in which honey bees associated the scent of each pollen type with sucrose, and (2) test, in which honey bees were presented with a novel scent, to evaluate generalization. {G}eneralization was evinced by honey bees extending their proboscis to a novel scent. {T}he level of {PER} increased over the course of the conditioning phase for all pollen scents. {H}oney bees generalized pollen from {P}yracantha coccinea and from {H}ypochaeris radicata. {T}hese two plants have different amounts of protein and are not taxonomically related. {W}e observed that the flowering period influences the olfactory perceptual similarity and we suggest that both pollen types may share volatile compounds that play key roles in perception. {O}ur results highlight the importance of analyzing the implications of the generalization between pollen types of different nutritional quality. {S}uch studies could provide valuable information for beekeepers and agricultural producers, as the generalization of a higher quality pollen can benefit hive development, and increase pollination and honey production.},
  keywords = {{ARGENTINE} ; {ETATS} {UNIS} ; {PATAGONIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {E}xperimental {B}iology},
  volume = {222},
  numero = {21},
  pages = {jeb201335 9  [+14 p.]},
  ISSN = {0022-0949},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1242/jeb.201335},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010078524},
}