@article{fdi:010077942,
  title = {{M}alaria epidemiology in {K}obeni department, southeastern {M}auritania from 2015 to 2017},
  author = {{D}iallo, {S}. {M}. and {B}ogreau, {H}. and {M}ze, {N}. {P}. and {O}uld {A}hmedou {S}alem, {M}. {S}. and {O}uld {K}hairy, {M}. {L}. and {P}arola, {P}. and {B}asco, {L}eonardo and {O}uld {M}ohamed {S}alem {B}oukhary, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {P}lasmodium falciparum malaria is endemic in the southern sahelian zone of {M}auritania where intense internal and trans-border human and livestock movement occurs. {T}he risk of importation and spread of drug-resistant parasites need to be regularly assessed in this region. {T}he objective of the study was to assess the recent malaria situation near the {M}auritania-{M}ali border. {M}ethods {B}etween {F}ebruary 2015 and {D}ecember 2017, patients with fever or history of fever during the previous 48 h, presenting at the health centre of {K}obeni city, were screened for malaria using a rapid diagnostic test ({RDT}) and microscopic examination of blood smears. {T}he diagnosis was later confirmed by {PCR}. {C}ohen's kappa statistics was used to estimate the degree of agreement between diagnostic methods. {F}isher's exact test was used to compare proportions. {T}he odds ratio was calculated to measure the association between the use of bed nets and malaria infection. {R}esults {A} total of 2326 febrile patients (mean age, 20.2 years) were screened for malaria. {T}he presence of malaria parasites was detected by {RDT} and microscopy in 53.0% and 49.3% of febrile patients, respectively, and was confirmed by {PCR} in 59.7% (45 missing data). {O}f 1361 {PCR}-positive samples, 1205 (88.5%) were {P}. falciparum, 47 (3.5%) {P}. vivax, and 99 (7.3%) {P}. falciparum-{P}. vivax mixed infection. {M}alaria transmission occurred mostly during and shortly after the rainy season. {T}he annual rainfall was relatively low in 2016 (267 mm) and 2017 (274 mm), compared to 2015 (448 mm), and coincided with a decline in malaria prevalence in 2016-2017. {A}lthough 71.8% of febrile patients reported to possess at least one bed net in the household in our questionnaire, its reported use was not protective against malaria infection (odds ratio: 1.1, 95% {CI}: 0.91-1.32). {C}onclusions {O}ur study confirmed that {P}. falciparum is the dominant species in the sahelian zone and that malaria transmission is seasonal and associated with rainfall in this zone. {T}he application of the current national policy based on rapid and reliable malaria diagnosis, case management with artemisinin-based combination therapy, intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women, distribution and use of long-lasting insecticide impregnated bed nets, and the planned introduction of seasonal malaria chemoprevention for all children under 6 years old is expected to sustainably reduce malaria transmission in this zone.},
  keywords = {{P}lasmodium falciparum ; {P}lasmodium vivax ; {D}rug resistance ; {C}ross-border ; malaria ; {E}pidemiology ; {S}ahel ; {MAURITANIE} ; {ZONE} {SAHELIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfectious {D}iseases of {P}overty},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {art. 21 [10p.]},
  ISSN = {2095-5162},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1186/s40249-020-0634-5},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077942},
}