@article{fdi:010077934,
  title = {{O}n the necessity of combining ethnobotany and genetics to assess agrobiodiversity and its evolution in crops : a case study on date palms ({P}hoenix dactylifera {L}.) in {S}iwa {O}asis, {E}gypt},
  author = {{G}ros-{B}althazard, {M}. and {B}attesti, {V}. and {I}vorra, {S}. and {P}aradis, {L}. and {A}berlenc, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}rique and {Z}ango, {O}. and {Z}ehdi-{A}zouzi, {S}. and {M}oussouni, {S}. and {N}aqvi, {S}. {A}. and {N}ewton, {C}. and {T}erral, {J}. {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}rop diversity is shaped by biological and social processes interacting at different spatiotemporal scales. {H}ere, we combined population genetics and ethnobotany to investigate date palm ({P}hoenix dactylifera {L}.) diversity in {S}iwa {O}asis, {E}gypt. {B}ased on interviews with farmers and observation of practices in the field, we collected 149 date palms from {S}iwa {O}asis and 27 uncultivated date palms from abandoned oases in the surrounding desert. {U}sing genotyping data from 18 nuclear and plastid microsatellite loci, we confirmed that some named types each constitute a clonal line, that is, a true-to-type cultivar. {W}e also found that others are collections of clonal lines, that is, ethnovarieties, or even unrelated samples, that is, local categories. {T}his alters current assessments of agrobiodiversity, which are visibly underestimated, and uncovers the impact of low-intensity, but highly effective, farming practices on biodiversity. {T}hese hardly observable practices, hypothesized by ethnographic survey and confirmed by genetic analysis, are enabled by the way {I}siwans conceive and classify living beings in their oasis, which do not quite match the way biologists do: a classic disparity of etic versus. emic categorizations. {I}n addition, we established that {S}iwa date palms represent a unique and highly diverse genetic cluster, rather than a subset of {N}orth {A}frican and {M}iddle {E}astern palm diversity. {A}s previously shown, {N}orth {A}frican date palms display evidence of introgression by the wild relative {P}hoenix theophrasti, and we found that the uncultivated date palms from the abandoned oases share even more alleles with this species than cultivated palms in this region. {T}he study of {S}iwa date palms could hence be a key to the understanding of date palm diversification in {N}orth {A}frica. {I}ntegration of ethnography and population genetics promoted the understanding of the interplay between diversity management in the oasis (short-time scale), and the origins and dynamic of diversity through domestication and diversification (long-time scale).},
  keywords = {agrobiodiversity ; anthropology ; date palm ({P}hoenix dactylifera {L}.) ; domestication ; ethnobotany ; evolutionary history ; farming practices ; folk categorization ; microsatellite markers ; {P}hoenix theophrasti ; {G}reuter ; population genetics ; {S}iwa {O}asis ({E}gypt) ; {EGYPTE} ; {SIWA} {OASIS}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}volutionary {A}pplications},
  volume = {13},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {1818--1840},
  ISSN = {1752-4571},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1111/eva.12930},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077934},
}