@article{fdi:010077877,
  title = {{R}ecommended first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens and risk of diabetes mellitus in {HIV}-infected adults in resource-limited settings},
  author = {{P}aengsai, {N}. and {J}ourdain, {G}onzague and {S}alvadori, {N}. and {T}antraworasin, {A}. and {M}ary, {J}. {Y}. and {C}ressey, {T}. {R}. and {C}haiwarith, {R}. and {B}owonwatanuwong, {C}. and {B}hakeecheep, {S}. and {K}osachunhanun, {N}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjective. {T}he use of some antiretroviral drugs has been associated with a higher risk of diabetes mellitus ({DM}) in {HIV}-infected patients, but the risk associated with antiretroviral drug combinations remains unclear. {W}e investigated the association between first-line antiretroviral therapy ({ART}) regimens, recommended by the {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization ({WHO}) in 2016, and the risk of {DM} in adults. {M}ethod. {W}e selected all {HIV}-infected adults within the {T}hai {N}ational {AIDS} {P}rogram who started a first-line {ART} regimen consisting the following between {O}ctober 2006 and {S}eptember 2013: zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine; tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ({TDF})+lamivudine+nevirapine; zidovudine+lamivudine+efavirenz; {TDF}+lamivudine/emtricitabine+efavirenz; zidovudine+lamivudine+ritonavir-boosted lopinavir ({LPV}/r); or {TDF}+lamivudine+{LPV}/r. {D}iagnosis of {DM} was defined as having at least 2 of the following characteristics: fasting plasma glucose >= 126 mg/dl, 2010 {WHO} {ICD}-10 codes {E}11-{E}14, or prescription of antidiabetic drugs. {T}o identify {ART} regimens associated with {DM}, we used competing risks regression models that considered mortality without {DM} as a competing event and adjusted for sex, age, pancreas disease, and stratified by groups defined by a score summarizing the propensity to receive a specific first-line {ART} regimen. {R}esults. {D}ata from 35 710 adults (49.1% male; median age, 35.0 years; median follow-up, 2.0 years) were included. {I}n the multivariable analysis with zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine as the reference group, a higher risk of {DM} was observed with {TDF}+lamivudine/emtricitabine+efavirenz (adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio [a{SHR}], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [{CI}], 1.3-1.9), zidovudine+lamivudine+efavirenz (a{SHR}, 2.0; 95% {CI}, 1.7-2.3), and {TDF}+lamivudine+{LPV}/r (a{SHR}, 2.7; 95% {CI}, 1.9-3.9). {C}onclusions. {S}everal of the {WHO} recommended {ART} regimens, particularly tenofovir + lamivudine +{LPV}/r and regimens containing efavirenz, may be associated with an increased risk of {DM}.},
  keywords = {antiretroviral treatment regimen ; diabetes mellitus ; efavirenz ; {HIV} ; ritonavir-boosted lopinavir ; {THAILANDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{O}pen {F}orum {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {10},
  pages = {ofz298 [7p.]},
  ISSN = {2328-8957},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1093/ofid/ofz298},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077877},
}