@article{fdi:010077830,
  title = {{M}ulti-micronutrient fortified rice improved serum zinc and folate concentrations of {C}ambodian school children : a double-blinded cluster-randomized controlled trial},
  author = {{K}uong, {K}. and {T}or, {P}. and {P}erignon, {M}. and {F}iorentino, {M}arion and {C}hamnan, {C}. and {B}erger, {J}acques and {B}urja, {K}. and {D}ijkhuizen, {M}. {A}. and {P}arker, {M}. and {R}oos, {N}. and {W}ieringa, {F}ranck},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {W}ithin {C}ambodia, micronutrient deficiencies continue to be prevalent in vulnerable groups, such as women and children. {F}ortification of staple foods such as rice could be a promising strategy for {C}ambodia to improve micronutrient status. {O}bjective: {O}ur objective was to investigate the impact of multiple-micronutrient fortified rice ({MMFR}), distributed through a {W}orld {F}ood {P}rogram school-meals program ({WFP}-{SMP}) on serum zinc concentrations and folate status in a double-blind, cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial. {M}ethods: {S}ixteen schools were randomly assigned to receive one of three different types of extruded-fortified rice ({U}ltra{R}ice {O}riginal ({URO}), {U}ltra{R}ice {N}ew ({URN}), or {N}utri{R}ice) or unfortified rice (placebo) six days a week for six months. {A} total of 1950 schoolchildren (6-16 years old) participated in the study. {S}erum zinc (all groups) and folate (only in {N}utri{R}ice and placebo group) concentrations were assessed from morning non-fasting antecubital blood samples and were measured at three time points (baseline and after three and six months). {R}esults: {A}fter six months of intervention, serum zinc concentrations were significantly increased in all fortified rice group compared to placebo and baseline (0.98, 0.85 and 1.40 mu mol/{L} for {URO}, {URN} and {N}utri{R}ice, respectively) (interaction effect: p < 0.001 for all). {C}hildren in the intervention groups had a risk of zinc deficiencies of around one third (0.35, 039, and 0.28 for {URO}, {URN}, and {N}utri{R}ice, respectively) compared to the placebo (p < 0.001 for all). {T}he children receiving {N}utri{R}ice had higher serum folate concentrations at endline compared to children receiving normal rice (+2.25 ng/m{L}, p = 0.007). {C}onclusions: {T}his study showed that the high prevalence of zinc and folate deficiency in {C}ambodia can be improved through the provision of {MMFR}. {A}s rice is the staple diet for {C}ambodia, {MMFR} should be considered to be included in the school meal program and possibilities should be explored to introduce {MMFR} to the general population.},
  keywords = {fortified rice ; micronutrient ; deficiency ; zinc ; school children ; {C}ambodia ; {CAMBODGE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}utrients},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {12},
  pages = {art. 2843 [15 p.]},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.3390/nu11122843},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077830},
}