@incollection{fdi:010077693,
  title = {{H}igh-titer measles virus vaccines : protection evaluation},
  author = {{G}arenne, {M}ichel and {L}eroy, {O}. and {B}eau, {J}ean-{P}ierre and {S}ene, {I}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he immunogenicity and clinical efficacy of high-titer measles vaccines were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial in {N}iakhar, a rural area of {S}enegal that is under demographic surveillance. {T}wo high-titer vaccines were studied: a high-titer {E}dmonston-{Z}agreb vaccine ({EZ}-{HT}) and a high-titer {S}chwarz vaccine ({SW}-{HT}). {B}oth {HT} vaccines were administered at five months of age, and they were compared to a {S}chwarz standard vaccine, administered at 10 months of age. {A}t age five months, 56.9% of the children had medium or high levels of maternal antibodies (at least 250 milli-international units), whereas at 10 months of age only 25.5% of children had residual maternal antibodies. {B}oth high-titer vaccines were immunogenic when given to children with low levels of maternal antibodies; seroconversion rates were 98.6% (95% confidence interval, {CI} = 95.9 - 99.9) for the {EZ}-{HT} and 85.5% ({CI} = 78.5 - 93.2) for the {SW}-{HT}. {T}here was no definitive evidence of seroconversion among children with high levels of maternal antibodies. {H}owever, levels of antibodies at age 10 months were significantly higher in the vaccinated groups than in the placebo group. {T}he {EZ}-{HT} vaccine produced a higher response than the {SW}-{HT} vaccine ({P}<0.01). {B}oth the titer at time of vaccination and the age at vaccination had a significant impact on the rate of seroconversion and the percentage of seropositive children at 10 months. {C}linical efficacy ({EF}) of {HT} vaccines was highest and significant among children with low levels of maternal antibodies [{EF} = 100.0%, {CI} = 50.0-100.0, {P} = 0.0001 for {EZ}-{HT}; and {EF} = 86.3%, {CI} = 43.9-96.7, {P} = 0.0060 for {SW}-{HT}], and lowest and not significant among children with high levels of maternal antibodies. {V}accine failures after the {HT} vaccines were 8.75 times more frequent than after the standard vaccine ({CI} = 1.02-75.1, {P} = 0.048]. {T}hese results indicate that vaccination of children with {S}chwarz measles vaccine at nine months of age remains the safest and most effective strategy for controlling measles.},
  keywords = {{SENEGAL} ; {NIAKHAR} {REGION}},
  booktitle = {{M}easles and poliomyelitis : vaccines, immunization, and control},
  numero = {},
  pages = {119--131},
  address = {{V}ienne},
  publisher = {{S}pringer},
  series = {},
  year = {1993},
  DOI = {10.1007/978-3-7091-9278-8_10},
  ISBN = {978-3-211-82436-8},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077693},
}