Osuri A. M. auteur aut IRD Machado S. auteur aut IRD Ratnam J. auteur aut IRD Sankaran M. auteur aut IRD Ayyappan N. auteur aut IRD Muthuramkumar S. auteur aut IRD Parthasarathy N. auteur aut IRD Pélissier Raphaël auteur aut IRD Ramesh B. R. auteur aut IRD DeFries R. auteur aut IRD Naeem S. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access A lack of spatial congruence between carbon storage and biodiversity in intact forests suggests limited cobenefits of carbon-focused policies for conserving tropical biodiversity. However, whether the same applies in tropical human-dominated landscapes (HDLs) is unclear. In India's Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, we found that while HDL forests harbor lower tree diversity and aboveground carbon stocks than relatively intact forests, positive diversity-carbon correlations are more prevalent in HDLs. This is because anthropogenic drivers of species loss in HDLs consistently reduce carbon storing biomass volume (lower basal area), and biomass per unit volume (fewer hardwood trees). We further show, using a meta-analysis spanning multiple regions, that these patterns apply to tropical HDLs more generally. Thus, while complementary strategies are needed for securing the irreplaceable biodiversity and carbon values of intact forests, ubiquitous tropical HDLs might hold greater potential for synergizing biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. specialized basal area biodiversity conservation carbon storage climate change forest degradation meta-analysis tree density tropical forests Western Ghats wood density INDE ZONE TROPICALE 082 076 021 13 2 e12699 [8 ] 2020 1755-263X https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077483 10.1111/conl.12699 1755-263X [F B010077483] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077483 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers20-01/010077483.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2020-02-05 2025-02-24 fdi:010077483 fre