@article{fdi:010077457,
  title = {{M}ultidisciplinary observing in the world ocean's oxygen minimum zone regions : from climate to fish : the {VOICE} initiative},
  author = {{G}arcon, {V}. and {K}arstensen, {J}. and {P}alacz, {A}. and {T}elszewski, {M}. and {L}ara, {T}. {A}. and {B}reitburg, {D}. and {C}havez, {F}. and {C}oelho, {P}. and {C}ornejo-{D}'{O}ttone, {M}. and {S}antos, {C}. and {F}iedler, {B}. and {G}allo, {N}. {D}. and {G}regoire, {M}. and {G}utierrez, {D}. and {H}ernandez-{A}yon, {M}. and {I}sensee, {K}. and {K}oslow, {T}. and {L}evin, {L}. and {M}arsac, {F}rancis and {M}aske, {H}. and {M}baye, {B}. {C}. and {M}ontes, {I}. and {N}aqvi, {W}. and {P}earlman, {J}. and {P}into, {E}. and {P}itcher, {G}. and {P}izarro, {O}. and {R}ose, {K}. and {S}henoy, {D}. and {V}an der {P}las, {A}. and {V}ito, {M}. {R}. and {W}eng, {K}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}ultidisciplinary ocean observing activities provide critical ocean information to satisfy ever-changing socioeconomic needs and require coordinated implementation. {T}he upper oxycline (transition between high and low oxygen waters) is fundamentally important for the ecosystem structure and can be a useful proxy for multiple observing objectives connected to eastern boundary systems ({EBS}s) that neighbor oxygen minimum zones ({OMZ}s). {T}he variability of the oxycline and its impact on the ecosystem ({VOICE}) initiative demonstrates how societal benefits drive the need for integration and optimization of biological, biogeochemical, and physical components of regional ocean observing related to {EBS}. {I}n liaison with the {G}lobal {O}cean {O}xygen {N}etwork, {VOICE} creates a roadmap toward observation-model syntheses for a comprehensive understanding of selected oxycline-dependent objectives. {L}ocal to global effects, such as habitat compression or deoxygenation trends, prompt for comprehensive observing of the oxycline on various space and time scales, and for an increased awareness of its impact on ecosystem services. {B}uilding on the {F}ramework for {O}cean {O}bserving ({FOO}), we present a first readiness level assessment for ocean observing of the oxycline in {EBS}. {T}his was to determine current ocean observing design and future needs in {EBS} regions (e.g., the {C}alifornia {C}urrent {S}ystem, the {E}quatorial {E}astern {P}acific off {E}cuador, the {P}eru-{C}hile {C}urrent system, the {N}orthern {B}enguela off {N}amibia, etc.) building on the {FOO} strategy. {W}e choose regional champions to assess the ocean observing design elements proposed in the {FOO}, namely, requirement processes, coordination of observational elements, and data management and information products and the related best practices. {T}he readiness level for the {FOO} elements was derived for each {EBS} through a similar and very general ad hoc questionnaire. {D}espite some weaknesses in the questionnaire design and its completion, an assessment was achievable. {W}e found that fisheries and ecosystem management are a societal requirement for all regions, but maturity levels of observational elements and data management and information products differ substantially. {I}dentification of relevant stakeholders, developing strategies for readiness level improvements, and building and sustaining infrastructure capacity to implement these strategies are fundamental milestones for the {VOICE} initiative over the next 2-5 years and beyond.},
  keywords = {oxygen minimum zones ; oxycline ; ocean observing system ; multidisciplinary ; readiness level ; ecosystem ; {MONDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}rontiers in {M}arine {S}cience},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 722 [22 p.]},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.3389/fmars.2019.00722},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077457},
}