@article{fdi:010077080,
  title = {{S}uccessful management of two patients with intracranial hemorrhage due to carpet viper ({E}chis ocellatus) envenomation in a limited-resource environment},
  author = {{B}enjamin, {J}. {M}. and {C}hippaux, {J}ean-{P}hilippe and {T}amou-{S}ambo, {B}. and {A}kpakpa, {O}. {C}. and {M}assougbodji, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {W}est {A}frican carpet viper ({E}chis ocellatus) causes more deaths than any other snake in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica. {C}arpet viper envenomations are characterized by a venom-induced consumption coagulopathy and systemic bleeding syndrome, in addition to local symptoms of painful progressive swelling and tissue destruction. {T}he highest mortality rate is seen in the final stages of the syndrome, which typically ends with fatal internal bleeding or hemorrhagic shock. {W}e present 2 cases of {E} ocellatus envenomation with intracranial hemorrhage seen at a rural hospital in {B}embereke, {B}enin, and describe the successful management of these patients in a limited-resource setting. {I}n one case the patient was treated with an ineffective {I}ndian-made antivenom before evaluation by the authors and continued to deteriorate until she was treated with effective antivenom 10 d after the bite. {I}n both cases lumbar puncture was performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes with good effect, and both patients made full recoveries without sequelae. {T}hese cases demonstrate the remarkable ability of high-quality antivenoms to reverse life-threatening envenomations even in the final stages of the hemorrhagic syndrome and illustrate the dangers posed by low-quality antivenoms that have flooded the market in the developing world.},
  keywords = {snakebite ; snake envenomation ; neglected tropical disease ; venom-induced ; consumption coagulopathy ; antivenom ; whole blood clotting test ; {BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{W}ilderness and {E}nvironmental {M}edicine},
  volume = {30},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {295--301},
  ISSN = {1080-6032},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.wem.2019.04.003},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077080},
}