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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <work-type>ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES</work-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nebbak, A.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dahmana, H.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Almeras, L.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raoult, D.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boulanger, N.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaulhac, B.</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="bold" font="default" size="100%">Mediannikov, Oleg</style>
          </author>
          <author>
            <style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parola, P.</style>
          </author>
        </authors>
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      <titles>
        <title>Co-infection of bacteria and protozoan parasites in Ixodes ricinus nymphs collected in the Alsace region, France</title>
        <secondary-title>Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases</secondary-title>
      </titles>
      <pages>art. 101241 [5 p.]</pages>
      <keywords>
        <keyword>Ixodes ricinus</keyword>
        <keyword>Co-infection</keyword>
        <keyword>Bacterial pathogens</keyword>
        <keyword>Protozoan parasites</keyword>
        <keyword>MALDI-TOF MS</keyword>
        <keyword>FRANCE</keyword>
        <keyword>ALSACE</keyword>
      </keywords>
      <dates>
        <year>2019</year>
      </dates>
      <call-num>fdi:010077009</call-num>
      <language>ENG</language>
      <periodical>
        <full-title>Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases</full-title>
      </periodical>
      <isbn>1877-959X</isbn>
      <accession-num>ISI:000484783700001</accession-num>
      <number>6</number>
      <electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.06.001</electronic-resource-num>
      <urls>
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          <url>https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010077009</url>
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          <url>https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2019/10/010077009.pdf</url>
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      <volume>10</volume>
      <remote-database-provider>Horizon (IRD)</remote-database-provider>
      <abstract>Fifty nymphal Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in Alsace, France, identified by morphological criteria and using MALDI-TOF MS, were tested by PCR to detect tick-associated bacteria and protozoan parasites. Seventy percent (35/50) of ticks contained at least one microorganism; 26% (9/35) contained two or more species. Several human pathogens were identified including Borrelia burgdorferi s.s. (4%), Borrelia afzelii (2%), Borrelia garinii (2%), Borrelia valaisiana (4%), Borrelia miyamotoi (2%), Rickettsia helvetica (6%) and "Babesia venatorum" (2%). Bartonella spp. (10%) and a Wolbachia spp. (8%) were also detected. The most common co-infections involved Anaplasmataceae with Borrelia spp. (4%), Anaplasmataceae with Bartonella spp. (6%) and Anaplasmataceae with Rickettsia spp. (6%). Co-infection involving three different groups of bacteria was seen between bacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae, Borrelia spp. and Bartonella spp. (2%). Results highlight the panel of infectious agents carried by Ixodes ricinus. Co-infection suggests the possibility of transmission of more than one pathogen to human and animals during tick blood feeding.</abstract>
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      <custom1>UR257</custom1>
      <custom7>Algérie</custom7>
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