Hermes J. C. auteur aut IRD Masumoto Y. auteur aut IRD Beal L. M. auteur aut IRD Roxy M. K. auteur aut IRD Vialard Jérôme auteur aut IRD Andres M. auteur aut IRD Annamalai H. auteur aut IRD Behera S. auteur aut IRD D'Adamo N. auteur aut IRD Doi T. auteur aut IRD Peng M. auteur aut IRD Han W. auteur aut IRD Hardman-Mountford N. auteur aut IRD Hendon H. auteur aut IRD Hood R. auteur aut IRD Kido S. auteur aut IRD Lee C. auteur aut IRD Lees T. auteur aut IRD Lengaigne Matthieu auteur aut IRD Li J. auteur aut IRD Lumpkin R. auteur aut IRD Navaneeth K. N. auteur aut IRD Milligan B. auteur aut IRD McPhaden M. J. auteur aut IRD Ravichandran M. auteur aut IRD Shinoda T. auteur aut IRD Singh A. auteur aut IRD Sloyan B. auteur aut IRD Strutton P. G. auteur aut IRD Subramanian A. C. auteur aut IRD Thurston S. auteur aut IRD Tozuka T. auteur aut IRD Ummenhofer C. C. auteur aut IRD Unnikrishnan A. S. auteur aut IRD Venkatesan R. auteur aut IRD Wang D. auteur aut IRD Wiggert J. auteur aut IRD Yu L. auteur aut IRD Yu W. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access The Indian Ocean is warming faster than any of the global oceans and its climate is uniquely driven by the presence of a landmass at low latitudes, which causes monsoonal winds and reversing currents. The food, water, and energy security in the Indian Ocean rim countries and islands are intrinsically tied to its climate, with marine environmental goods and services, as well as trade within the basin, underpinning their economies. Hence, there are a range of societal needs for Indian Ocean observation arising from the influence of regional phenomena and climate change on, for instance, marine ecosystems, monsoon rains, and sea-level. The Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS), is a sustained observing system that monitors basin-scale ocean-atmosphere conditions, while providing flexibility in terms of emerging technologies and scientific and societal needs, and a framework for more regional and coastal monitoring. This paper reviews the societal and scientific motivations, current status, and future directions of IndOOS, while also discussing the need for enhanced coastal, shelf, and regional observations. The challenges of sustainability and implementation are also addressed, including capacity building, best practices, and integration of resources. The utility of IndOOS ultimately depends on the identification of, and engagement with, end-users and decision-makers and on the practical accessibility and transparency of data for a range of products and for decision-making processes. Therefore we highlight current progress, issues and challenges related to end user engagement with IndOOS, as well as the needs of the data assimilation and modeling communities. Knowledge of the status of the Indian Ocean climate and ecosystems and predictability of its future, depends on a wide range of socio-economic and environmental data, a significant part of which is provided by IndOOS. specialized Indian Ocean sustained observing system IndOOS data end-user connections and application regional observing system interdisciplinary integration OCEAN INDIEN 032 021 6 art. 355 [21 p.] 2019 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010076177 10.3389/fmars.2019.00355 [F B010076177] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010076177 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers19-07/010076177.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2019-08-05 2025-02-24 fdi:010076177 fre