Horizon 1 1 17 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES Scientific Reports - Nature art. 9160 [9 p.] BENIN 2019 fdi:010076157 ENG Scientific Reports - Nature 2045-2322 ISI:000472597400063 10.1038/s41598-019-45688-w https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010076157 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers19-07/010076157.pdf 9 Horizon (IRD) Placental malaria has been associated with an immune tolerance phenomenon and a higher susceptibility to malaria infection during infancy. HLA-G is involved in fetal maternal immune tolerance by inhibiting maternal immunity. During infections HLA-G can be involved in immune escape of pathogens by creating a tolerogenic environment. Recent studies have shown an association between the risk of malaria and HLA-G at both genetic and protein levels. Moreover, women with placental malaria have a higher probability of giving birth to children exhibiting high sHLA-G, independently of their own level during pregnancy. Our aim was to explore the association between the level of maternal soluble HLA-G and the risk of malaria infection in their newborns. Here, 400 pregnant women and their children were actively followed-up during 24 months. The results show a significant association between the level of sHLA-G at the first antenatal visit and the time to first malaria infection during infancy adjusted to the risk of exposure to vector bites (aHR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01-1.03], p = 0.014). The level of sHLA-G is a significant predictor of the occurrence of malaria infection during infancy consistent with the hypothesis that mother sHLA-G could be a biomarker of malaria susceptibility in children. 052 ; 050 UR216 / UR261 / UR224 Bénin / Brésil