@incollection{fdi:010075883,
  title = {{E}xtreme el niño events},
  author = {{D}ewitte, {B}oris and {T}akahashi, {K}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{E}very few years the tropical {P}acific warms abnormally in association with a relaxation of the trade winds, a phenomenon known as the {E}l {N}iño-{S}outhern {O}scillation ({ENSO}) that represents the strongest fluctuation of the global climate system. {A}lthough the contemporary observational record indicates that all {E}l {N}iño events are not alike, differing in amplitude, warming pattern, and teleconnection, there is a class of events that stands out in terms of the societal and economical impacts: the extreme {E}l {N}iño events that have occurred every 15–20 years. {I}n this chapter, we propose an overview of the state of knowledge and of some current lines of research dedicated to extreme {E}l {N}iño events. {B}uilding on the recently proposed concept of {ENSO} diversity, we further synthesize our current understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of this class of events and their expected evolution in a warmer climate and highlight some challenges in {ENSO} research.},
  keywords = {{EL} {NINO} ; {CLIMAT} ; {EVOLUTION} ; {MODELISATION} ; {THEORIE} ; {CHANGEMENT} {CLIMATIQUE} ; {RECHAUFFEMENT} {CLIMATIQUE} ; {EVENEMENT} {EXTREME} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE} ; {PACIFIQUE}},
  booktitle = {{T}ropical extremes : natural variability and trends},
  numero = {},
  pages = {165--201},
  address = {{A}msterdam},
  publisher = {{E}lsevier},
  series = {},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1016/{B}978-0-12-809248-4.00006-6},
  ISBN = {978-0-12-809248-4},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075883},
}