@article{fdi:010075698,
  title = {{D}irect and indirect effects of {CO}2 increase on crop yield in {W}est {A}frica},
  author = {{S}ultan, {B}enjamin and {P}arkes, {B}. and {G}aetani, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}limate change directly threatens food security in {W}est {A}frica through a negative impact on productivity of the main staple food crops. {H}owever, providing consistent future crop yield projections in the region remains challenging because of uncertainty in the response of the regional climate to the {CO}2 increase and in the response of the cultivated crop to this altered climate with more {CO}2 in the atmosphere. {H}ere, we analyse a set of idealized climate simulations to investigate the effect of {CO}2 concentration increase on the {W}est {A}frican monsoon and potential impacts on crop yields of maize. {O}n the one hand, simulations with prescribed {SST} and quadrupled {CO}2 concentration are analysed to study the atmospheric response to direct radiative forcing induced by increasing {CO}2 concentration, not mediated by ocean heat capacity. {O}n the other hand, simulations with prescribed {SST} augmented by 4 {K} are analysed to study the atmospheric response to the global ocean warming expected as a consequence of the increasing {CO}2 radiative forcing. {W}e show that if {CO}2 concentration increase has a positive impact on crop yield due to the fertilization effect, it also has a direct effect on the monsoon which acts to increase (decrease) rainfall in the eastern (western) part of the {S}ahel and increase (decrease) crop yields consequently. {F}inally, we show that {SST} warming acts to reduce rainfall and increase local temperatures leading to strong reduction of crop yield. {T}he reduction of crop yield is more important in the eastern part of the {S}ahel where the warming is more intense than in the western part of the {S}ahel. {O}verall, positive effects are weaker and more uncertain than the negative effects in the analysed simulations.},
  keywords = {agriculture ; carbon dioxide ({CO}2) ; climate change ; crop model ; {W}est {A}frica ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE} ; {AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{OUEST} ; {ZONE} {SAHELIENNE} ; {ZONE} {SOUDANOSAHELIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {C}limatology},
  volume = {39},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {2400--2411},
  ISSN = {0899-8418},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1002/joc.5960},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075698},
}