A Pathovar of Xanthomonas oryzae infecting wild grasses provides insight into the evolution of pathogenicity in rice agroecosystems Lang J. M. auteur aut IRD Perez-Quintero A. L. auteur aut IRD Koebnik Ralf auteur aut IRD DuCharme E. auteur aut IRD Sarra S. auteur aut IRD Doucoure H. auteur aut IRD Keita I. auteur aut IRD Ziegle J. auteur aut IRD Jacobs J. M. auteur aut IRD Oliva R. auteur aut IRD Koita O. auteur aut IRD Szurek Boris auteur aut IRD Verdier Valérie auteur aut IRD Leach J. E. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Xanthomonas oryzae (Xo) are globally important rice pathogens. Virulent lineages from Africa and Asia and less virulent strains from the United States have been well characterized. Xanthomonas campestris pv. leersiae (Xcl), first described in 1957, causes bacterial streak on the perennial grass, Leersia hexandra, and is a close relative of Xo. L. hexandra, a member of the Poaceae, is highly similar to rice phylogenetically, is globally ubiquitous around rice paddies, and is a reservoir of pathogenic Xo. We used long read, single molecule real time (SMRT) genome sequences of five strains of Xcl from Burkina Faso, China, Mali, and Uganda to determine the genetic relatedness of this organism with Xo. Novel transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) were discovered in all five strains of Xcl. Predicted TALE target sequences were identified in the Leersia perrieri genome and compared to rice susceptibility gene homologs. Pathogenicity screening on L. hexandra and diverse rice cultivars confirmed that Xcl are able to colonize rice and produce weak but not progressive symptoms. Overall, based on average nucleotide identity (ANI), type III (T3) effector repertoires, and disease phenotype, we propose to rename Xcl to X. oryzae pv. leersiae (Xol) and use this parallel system to improve understanding of the evolution of bacterial pathogenicity in rice agroecosystems. specialized Xanthomonas oryzae transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) agroecosystem cutgrass rice 076 Frontiers in Plant Science 10 507 [15 ] 2019 1664-462X https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075656 10.3389/fpls.2019.00507 1664-462X [F B010075656] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075656 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers19-05/010075656.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2019-06-04 2025-02-24 fdi:010075656 fre