@article{fdi:010075612,
  title = {{A}nalysis and fate of 14 relevant wastewater-derived organic pollutants in long-term exposed soil},
  author = {{M}ontemurro, {N}. and {P}ostigo, {C}. and {C}hiron, {S}erge and {B}arcelo, {D}. and {P}erez, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he growing use of reclaimed water in agriculture worldwide calls for developing high-sensitivity methods to quantify wastewater-derived organic contaminants in soils so that the potential risk of this irrigation practice can be properly assessed. {T}his work describes an analytical method for the determination of trace levels of 14 drugs that are known to be poorly removed during conventional wastewater treatment in soil. {T}he analytes selected for investigation included ten pharmaceuticals from different therapeutic classes (carbamazepine, diclofenac, cis-diltiazem, lamotrigine, methadone, midazolam, oxcarbazepine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, valsartan), one illicit drug (cocaine), and three transformation products/metabolites (acridone, 4-hydroxydiclofenac, and valsartan acid), thereby covering a broad range of physical-chemical properties. {T}he methodology developed was based on ultrasonic solvent extraction ({USE}) of the analytes from the soil matrix, and subsequent clean-up and analysis of the {USE} extracts with a fully automated approach by means of solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection (online {SPE}-{LC}-{MS}/{MS}). {T}he method was fully validated with affording method detection and quantification limits ranging from 0.03 to 1ngg(-1) and from 0.09 to 3.3ngg(-1), respectively. {T}his method was applied to investigate the fate of the selected drugs in potting soil irrigated for a long term (60days) either with water containing the target compounds at a concentration of 200g{L}(-1) or with wastewater treatment plant effluent and thus, at real environmental concentrations. {A}ll investigated compounds were found to accumulate in soil irrigated with artificially fortified water. {T}he highest accumulation potential was observed for cis-diltiazem followed by methadone and midazolam that presented average concentrations of 1517ngg(-1), 1041ngg(-1), and 962ngg(-1) d.w., respectively. {O}n the contrary, oxcarbazepine (5.8ngg(-1)) and sulfamethoxazole (22ngg(-1)) were the target drugs presenting the lowest accumulation potential. {O}nly trace levels of ten drugs were measured in soil irrigated with regenerated water (average concentrations between 1.6 and 4.7ngg(-1) d.w.).},
  keywords = {{P}harmaceuticals ; {S}oil adsorption ; {U}ltrasound extraction ; {O}nline solid-phase extraction ; {L}iquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ; {R}eclaimed water},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}nalytical and {B}ioanalytical {C}hemistry},
  volume = {411},
  numero = {12},
  pages = {2687–2696},
  ISSN = {1618-2642},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00216-019-01715-3},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075612},
}