@article{fdi:010075500,
  title = {{M}itochondrial diversity and phylogeographic analysis of {P}ediculus humanus reveals a new {A}mazonian clade "{F}"},
  author = {{A}manzougaghene, {N}. and {F}enollar, {F}. and {D}avoust, {B}. and {D}jossou, {F}. and {A}shfaq, {M}. and {B}itam, {I}. and {R}aoult, {D}. and {M}ediannikov, {O}leg},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{P}ediculus humanus is an obligate and highly intimate bloodsucking insect parasite of humans that has two ecotypes, head louse and body louse. {T}his study analyzed genetic diversity at three mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b [cytb], cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 [cox1] and 12{S} ribosomal {RNA} [12{S}]) in 98 head lice collected from an isolated {N}ative {A}merican population from the {W}ayampi community in {T}rois-{S}auts, {F}rench {G}uiana. {T}hese results are integrated with all prior data of {P}. humanus (1402 cytb, 743 cox1 and 344 12{S}) from other parts of the world. {T}he phylogenetic analysis revealed six highly divergent and well-supported monophyletic clades. {F}ive clades corresponded to the previously recognized mitochondrial clades {A}, {D}, {B}, {C} and {E}, while the sixth (clade {F}) was novel, as it exhibited 5.4%, 3.7% and 3.6% divergence at cytb, cox1 and 12{S}, respectively, from its nearest neighbor clade {B}. {I}nterestingly, the clade {F} has only been recovered in a few lice sequences from {M}exico and {A}rgentina, while it was the most common lineage in the {A}mazonian lice, which hints its association with the {N}ative {A}merican region. {F}urthermore, {P}ediculus mjobergi, a {N}ew {W}orld monkeys' louse, which is thought to be transmitted to monkeys from the first humans that had reached the {A}merican continent thousands of years ago, also belonged to this clade, suggesting that this louse may not be a separate species but an evolutionary lineage of {P}. humanus. {T}he discovery of new {A}mazonian clade {F} with the recovery of additional haplotypes within each of the five clades demonstrates that the levels of genetic diversity in {P}. humanus are higher than previously thought.},
  keywords = {{P}ediculus humanus ; {P}hylogeography ; {G}enetic diversity ; {C}lade {F} ; {A}mazonia ; {GUYANE} {FRANCAISE} ; {AMAZONIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {70},
  numero = {},
  pages = {1--8},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2019.02.006},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075500},
}