Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole auteur aut IRD Huynh T. H. K. auteur aut IRD Dagnra A. Y. auteur aut IRD Toni T. D. auteur aut IRD Maiga A. I. auteur aut IRD Kania D. auteur aut IRD Eymard-Duvernay Sabrina auteur aut IRD Peeters Martine auteur aut IRD Soulie C. auteur aut IRD Peytavin G. auteur aut IRD Rekacewicz C. auteur aut IRD Chaix M. L. auteur aut IRD Aghokeng Fobang Avelin auteur aut IRD Ayouba Ahidjo collab. clb IRD ANRS Study Group auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Background: ART in the developing world has moved to a new era with the WHO recommendation to test and immediately treat HIV-positive individuals. A high frequency of pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) can compromise ART efficacy. Our study presents updated estimates of PDR in seven countries from West Africa (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cate d'Ivoire, Mali and Togo) and Southeast Asia (Thailand and Vietnam). Methods: Eligible study participants were adult ART initiators, recruited from December 2015 to November 2016 in major ART clinics in each country. HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) tests were performed for all specimens and interpretation was done using the Stanford algorithm. Results: Overall, 1153 participants were recruited and 1020 nt sequences were generated. PDR frequency among all initiators was 15.9% (95% CI: 13.8%-18.3%) overall, ranging from 9.6% and 10.2% in Burkina Faso and Thailand, respectively, 14.7% in Vietnam, 15.4% in Mali, 16.5% in Cote d'Ivoire and 19.3% in Cameroon, to 24.6% in Togo. The prevalence of NNRTI resistance mutations was 12%; NRTI and PI PDR prevalences were 4% and 3%, respectively. Conclusions: Our study shows that in most countries PDR exceeded 10%, warranting the conduct of nationally representative surveys to confirm this trend. In the meantime, actions to prevent drug resistance, including transition from NNRTIs to more robust drug classes should be urgently implemented. specialized BURKINA FASO CAMEROUN COTE D'IVOIRE MALI TOGO THAILANDE VIET NAM AFRIQUE DE l'OUEST ASIE DU SUD EST 052 050 74 2 462-467 2019 0305-7453 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075312 10.1093/jac/dky443 0305-7453 [F B010075312] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010075312 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2019/03/010075312.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2019-04-03 2025-02-24 fdi:010075312 fre