Juhel K. auteur aut IRD Ampuero Jean-Paul auteur aut IRD Barsuglia M. auteur aut IRD Bernard P. auteur aut IRD Chassande-Mottin E. auteur aut IRD Fiorucci D. auteur aut IRD Harms J. auteur aut IRD Montagner J. P. auteur aut IRD Vallée Martin auteur aut IRD Whiting B. F. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Recent studies reported the observation of prompt elastogravity signals during the 2011 M9.1 Tohoku earthquake, recorded with broadband seismometers and gravimeter between the rupture onset and the arrival of the seismic waves. Here we show that to extend the range of magnitudes over which the gravity perturbations can be observed and reduce the time needed for their detection, high-precision gravity strainmeters under development could be used, such as torsion bars, superconducting gradiometers, or strainmeters based on atom interferometers. These instruments measure the differential gravitational acceleration between two seismically isolated test masses and are initially designed to observe gravitational waves around 0.1Hz. Our analysis involves simulations of the expected gravity strain signals generated by fault rupture, based on an analytical model of gravity perturbations in a homogeneous half-space. We show that future gravity strainmeters should be able to detect prompt gravity perturbations induced by earthquakes larger than M7, up to 1,000km from the earthquake centroid within P waves travel time and up to 120km within the first 10s of rupture onset, provided a sensitivity in gravity strain of 10(-15)Hz(-1/2) at 0.1Hz can be achieved. Our results further suggest that, in comparison to conventional P wave-based earthquake-early warning systems, gravity-based earthquake-early warning systems could perform faster detections of large offshore subduction earthquakes (at least larger than M7.3). Gravity strainmeters could also perform earlier magnitude estimates, within the duration of the fault rupture, and therefore complement current tsunami warning systems. specialized 066 020 123 12 10889-10902 2018 2169-9313 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010074918 10.1029/2018jb016698 2169-9313 [F B010074918] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010074918 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2019/02/010074918.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2019-03-06 2023-07-11 fdi:010074918 fre