Nguyen Quang Huy auteur aut IRD Contamin L. auteur aut IRD Tran Thi Thanh Hoa auteur aut IRD Nguyen Van Hung auteur aut IRD Nguyen Thi Ngoc Lan auteur aut IRD Nguyen Thai Son auteur aut IRD Nguyen Viet Nhung auteur aut IRD Dang Duc Anh auteur aut IRD Bañuls Anne-Laure auteur aut IRD Nguyen Thi Van Anh auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a key antibiotic in current anti-tuberculosis regimens. Although the WHO has stressed the urgent need to obtain data on PZA resistance, in high tuberculosis burden countries, little is known about the level of PZA resistance, the genetic basis of such resistance or its link with Mycobacterium tuberculosis families. In this context, this study assessed PZA resistance through the molecular analysis of 260 Vietnamese M. tuberculosis isolates. First-line drug susceptibility testing, pncA gene sequencing, spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) typing were performed. Overall, the pncA mutation frequency was 38.1% (99 out of 260 isolates) but was higher than 72% (89 out of 123 isolates) in multidrug and quadruple-drug resistant isolates. Many different pncA mutations (71 types) were detected, of which 55 have been previously described and 50 were linked to PZA resistance. Among the 16 novel mutations, 14 are likely to be linked to PZA resistance because of their mutation types or codon positions. Genotype analysis revealed that PZA resistance can emerge in any M. tuberculosis cluster or family, although the mutation frequency was the highest in Beijing family isolates (47.7%, 62 out of 130 isolates). These data highlight the high rate of PZA resistance-associated mutations in M. tuberculosis clinical isolates in Vietnam and bring into question the use of PZA for current and future treatment regimens of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis without PZA resistance testing. specialized VIET NAM 052 050 020 6 art. no e86 [7 ] 2017 2222-1751 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073859 10.1038/emi.2017.73 2222-1751 [F B010073859] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073859 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers18-10/010073859.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2018-10-12 2023-07-11 fdi:010073859 fre